2012
Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Oehring, Daniela
Validation of a novel morphing software to classify different slit lamp findings Konferenz
BCLA Abstract Book 2012, Bd. 35, Elsevier, 2012.
@conference{Sickenberger2012,
title = {Validation of a novel morphing software to classify different slit lamp findings},
author = {Wolfgang Sickenberger and Daniela Oehring},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Poster_BCLA_2012_DO_final-1.pdf
http://www.contactlensjournal.com/article/S1367-0484(12)00167-1/abstract},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2012.08.065},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-12-01},
urldate = {2012-12-01},
booktitle = {BCLA Abstract Book 2012},
volume = {35},
pages = {e20-21},
publisher = {Elsevier},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: To validate a novel morphing software for classification of slit lamp findings and to then compare grades obtained with the new morphing software and with a printed grading scale.
Method: To develop the morphing software, 101 images each of eight different slit lamp findings, showing increasing severity from normal to severe, were provided and converted into a video clip; the image number was coded into running time. The study was divided in three phases. First, 67 participants (22 students, 45 professionals) were asked to evaluate five actual-scale images using the JenVis printed grading scale. Second, the participants were asked to identify the limits of the morphing software grades (using the video position for conversion to grades), and to then grade the same actual-scale images now using the morphing software.
Results: The limits of grades were on average: Grade 1 (17 ± 8), 2 (39 ± 8), 3 (62 ± 7) and 4 (81 ± 8). All the findings were graded similarly irrespective of whether the grading scales or the morphing software was used (t-test paired samples; all p > 0.667), with the exception of corneal neovascularization for which grades were higher when using the grading scale (t-test paired sample; p = 0.012). Both subgroups had no significant deviation between grade of actual-scale image and grading by participant (p = 0.089 t-test unpaired samples).
Conclusions: Limits of grades of findings for morphing software could be determined and were integrated in the software. An exact grading is possible by use of grading scale and morphing software},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: To validate a novel morphing software for classification of slit lamp findings and to then compare grades obtained with the new morphing software and with a printed grading scale.
Method: To develop the morphing software, 101 images each of eight different slit lamp findings, showing increasing severity from normal to severe, were provided and converted into a video clip; the image number was coded into running time. The study was divided in three phases. First, 67 participants (22 students, 45 professionals) were asked to evaluate five actual-scale images using the JenVis printed grading scale. Second, the participants were asked to identify the limits of the morphing software grades (using the video position for conversion to grades), and to then grade the same actual-scale images now using the morphing software.
Results: The limits of grades were on average: Grade 1 (17 ± 8), 2 (39 ± 8), 3 (62 ± 7) and 4 (81 ± 8). All the findings were graded similarly irrespective of whether the grading scales or the morphing software was used (t-test paired samples; all p > 0.667), with the exception of corneal neovascularization for which grades were higher when using the grading scale (t-test paired sample; p = 0.012). Both subgroups had no significant deviation between grade of actual-scale image and grading by participant (p = 0.089 t-test unpaired samples).
Conclusions: Limits of grades of findings for morphing software could be determined and were integrated in the software. An exact grading is possible by use of grading scale and morphing software
Wittekind, Julia; Marx, Sebastian; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
BCLA Abstract Book 2012, Bd. 35, 2012.
@conference{Wittekind2012,
title = {Study determining the reproducibility of the non-invasive break- up time by corneal topographer (NIK-BUT) method for infrared, red and white illumination},
author = {Julia Wittekind and Sebastian Marx and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Poster_BCLA_2012_JuliaWittekind.pdf
http://www.contactlensjournal.com/article/S1367-0484(12)00203-2/abstract},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2012.08.101},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-12-01},
urldate = {2012-12-01},
booktitle = {BCLA Abstract Book 2012},
volume = {35},
pages = {e32},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to measure the reproducibility of the non-invasive break-up time (NIK-BUT) method using three different illumination colours.
Methods: 48 subjects were enrolled (mean age 34,8 ± 15,2 years; 50% female, 50% male). The reproducibility of NIK-BUT (OCULUS Keratograph 4, Version: 1.76b53rH) was tested on three consecutive days at the same day time. Infrared, red and white illumination was examined in a randomized order. A comparison of the first break-up (NIKf-BUT) and the average of all affected areas (NIKav-BUT) was made.
Results: The normal distribution (n=48, Shapiro-Wilk-test) of the results was yielded for the NIKav-BUT with red illumination. The other results of the examination are not normally distributed. Results show that there is no statistical difference regardless of the illumination, which was used on three consecutive days (infrared illumination without a glare ring: NIKfBUT p=0,09, NIKav-BUT p=0,243; white illumination with a glare ring: NIKf-BUT p=0,558, NIKav-BUT p=0,864; red illumination: NIKf-BUT p=0,763, NIKav-BUT p=0,781).
Conclusion: The results of the non-invasive keratographic break-up time on three successive days were equal.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: The aim of the study was to measure the reproducibility of the non-invasive break-up time (NIK-BUT) method using three different illumination colours.
Methods: 48 subjects were enrolled (mean age 34,8 ± 15,2 years; 50% female, 50% male). The reproducibility of NIK-BUT (OCULUS Keratograph 4, Version: 1.76b53rH) was tested on three consecutive days at the same day time. Infrared, red and white illumination was examined in a randomized order. A comparison of the first break-up (NIKf-BUT) and the average of all affected areas (NIKav-BUT) was made.
Results: The normal distribution (n=48, Shapiro-Wilk-test) of the results was yielded for the NIKav-BUT with red illumination. The other results of the examination are not normally distributed. Results show that there is no statistical difference regardless of the illumination, which was used on three consecutive days (infrared illumination without a glare ring: NIKfBUT p=0,09, NIKav-BUT p=0,243; white illumination with a glare ring: NIKf-BUT p=0,558, NIKav-BUT p=0,864; red illumination: NIKf-BUT p=0,763, NIKav-BUT p=0,781).
Conclusion: The results of the non-invasive keratographic break-up time on three successive days were equal.
Kuntz, Jörg; Michel, Martina; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Novel method to evaluate the tear flow velocity by using a corneal topographer Konferenz
BCLA Abstract Book 2012, Bd. 35, 2012.
@conference{Kuntz2012,
title = {Novel method to evaluate the tear flow velocity by using a corneal topographer},
author = {Jörg Kuntz and Martina Michel and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Poster_Joerg_Kuntz.pdf
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367048412002020
http://www.contactlensjournal.com/article/S1367-0484(12)00202-0/abstract},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2012.08.100},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-12-01},
urldate = {2012-12-01},
booktitle = {BCLA Abstract Book 2012},
volume = {35},
pages = {e32},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: Aim of the study was to develop and test a novel method to evaluate the tear flow rate with a corneal topographer. The results were used in preparation for a subsequent objective analysis to classify tear film quality.
Methods: An appropriate application of the corneal topographer was developed to evaluate tear flow behavior of tear film by means of particles contained therein. 34 subjects (mean age 37.1± 19.1; male 38% female 62%) participated in this pilot study. A slitlamp observation was used for reference. To classify the flow behavior, established methods for tear film analysis were used (TMH; Interference; PRT). Particles were tracked manually to establish a base for the later development of automatic tracking.
Results. The median of the tear flow with the topographer was 1.19 mm/s (mean= 1.10± 0,39 mm/s) after 1 second, the median of the slitlamp was 1.15 mm/s (mean= 1.24± 0.47 mm/s). A normal distribution (Shapiro-Wilk-Test) was found for the new method (p=0.365) and the reference (p=0.216). No significant difference between the methods (p=0.113; T-Test) was found. A correlation between them (p=0.044) became obvious. However no correlation between these velocities and the established methods (TMH; Interference; PRT) was proved.
Conclusion: The modified illumination of the topographer allows a subjective assessment of the tear flow and its comparison with the reference. The objective analysis is due to this pilot study
limited. To develop a classification of this method, further studies are required.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: Aim of the study was to develop and test a novel method to evaluate the tear flow rate with a corneal topographer. The results were used in preparation for a subsequent objective analysis to classify tear film quality.
Methods: An appropriate application of the corneal topographer was developed to evaluate tear flow behavior of tear film by means of particles contained therein. 34 subjects (mean age 37.1± 19.1; male 38% female 62%) participated in this pilot study. A slitlamp observation was used for reference. To classify the flow behavior, established methods for tear film analysis were used (TMH; Interference; PRT). Particles were tracked manually to establish a base for the later development of automatic tracking.
Results. The median of the tear flow with the topographer was 1.19 mm/s (mean= 1.10± 0,39 mm/s) after 1 second, the median of the slitlamp was 1.15 mm/s (mean= 1.24± 0.47 mm/s). A normal distribution (Shapiro-Wilk-Test) was found for the new method (p=0.365) and the reference (p=0.216). No significant difference between the methods (p=0.113; T-Test) was found. A correlation between them (p=0.044) became obvious. However no correlation between these velocities and the established methods (TMH; Interference; PRT) was proved.
Conclusion: The modified illumination of the topographer allows a subjective assessment of the tear flow and its comparison with the reference. The objective analysis is due to this pilot study
limited. To develop a classification of this method, further studies are required.
Jerchel, Nicole; Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Schulze, Marc M.
Objective classification and documentation of bulbar redness using a corneal topographer Konferenz
BCLA Abstract Book 2012, Bd. 35, Elsevier, 2012.
@conference{Jerchel2012,
title = {Objective classification and documentation of bulbar redness using a corneal topographer},
author = {Nicole Jerchel and Wolfgang Sickenberger and Marc M. Schulze},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367048412001609
http://www.contactlensjournal.com/article/S1367-0484(12)00160-9/abstract},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2012.08.058},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-12-01},
urldate = {2012-12-01},
booktitle = {BCLA Abstract Book 2012},
volume = {35},
pages = {e18},
publisher = {Elsevier},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: To develop a novel automated method for objective classification and documentation of bulbar redness.
Method: The Oculus Keratograph, a corneal topographer was modified regarding illumination, camera and region of interest. 50 eyes of 25 subjects were imaged using the topographer and a slit lamp. 28 digital photographs of bulbar conjunctiva taken with the topographer and 10 images of the same eyes taken during the slit lamp examination were chosen. These 38 images were graded by 18 independent observers on a 100-point sliding scale through a world wide web-based survey. In addition, 25 of the 28 images taken with the topographer were digitally analysed to extract the following objective variables: proportion of area occupied by vessels (va), number of vessels (nv), proportion of area occupied by thin vessels (tva).
Results: The comparison of means for the subjective grading of both imaging methods showed significant differences in six of ten cases. (Wilcoxon test and t-test: p < 0.035). In general, subjective gradings of the slit lamp images showed a higher standard deviation than for the topographer images. There were significant associations between subjective grading estimates and all of the objective variables, with r(va) = 0.79, r(nv) = 0.843 and r(tva) = 0.811 (Spearman-Rank test; all p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Using a modified corneal topographer for imaging conjunctival redness is a novel approach that allows a more uniform and constant illumination compared to other imaging techniques. The objective quantification of redness was highly correlated to subjective grading, and might provide a better alternative in daily practice because it reduces the inherent variability of subjective assessments.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: To develop a novel automated method for objective classification and documentation of bulbar redness.
Method: The Oculus Keratograph, a corneal topographer was modified regarding illumination, camera and region of interest. 50 eyes of 25 subjects were imaged using the topographer and a slit lamp. 28 digital photographs of bulbar conjunctiva taken with the topographer and 10 images of the same eyes taken during the slit lamp examination were chosen. These 38 images were graded by 18 independent observers on a 100-point sliding scale through a world wide web-based survey. In addition, 25 of the 28 images taken with the topographer were digitally analysed to extract the following objective variables: proportion of area occupied by vessels (va), number of vessels (nv), proportion of area occupied by thin vessels (tva).
Results: The comparison of means for the subjective grading of both imaging methods showed significant differences in six of ten cases. (Wilcoxon test and t-test: p < 0.035). In general, subjective gradings of the slit lamp images showed a higher standard deviation than for the topographer images. There were significant associations between subjective grading estimates and all of the objective variables, with r(va) = 0.79, r(nv) = 0.843 and r(tva) = 0.811 (Spearman-Rank test; all p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Using a modified corneal topographer for imaging conjunctival redness is a novel approach that allows a more uniform and constant illumination compared to other imaging techniques. The objective quantification of redness was highly correlated to subjective grading, and might provide a better alternative in daily practice because it reduces the inherent variability of subjective assessments.
Michel, Martina; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Optimization of the Non-Contact Meibography by means of an experimental Corneal Topographer Konferenz
Nr. 125663, American Academy of Optometry 2012.
@conference{Michel2012,
title = {Optimization of the Non-Contact Meibography by means of an experimental Corneal Topographer},
author = {Martina Michel and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {http://www.aaopt.org/optimization-non-contact-meibography-means-experimental-corneal-topographer
https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/AAO-2012-Sinnig-Sickenberger-Meibography.pdf},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-11-01},
urldate = {2012-11-01},
number = {125663},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: To optimize the non-contact meibography using a corneal topographer to improve the image quality and to make the assessment of the meibomian gland morphology more accessible in daily practice, easier for the practitioner and more comfortable for the patient.
Methods: A commercial corneal topographer was used to assess meibography images regarding illumination, magnification and field of view. With lenses which were adjusted in the calotte of the device the field of view, the optimal magnification and in this regard an appropriate working distance were determined to simplify the gland assessment for the investigator in terms of the eversion of the eyelid. With an experimental corneal topographer equipped with a high resolution camera and a manually adjustable magnification changer, the illumination was tested. Therefore, different IR-diodes with seven different wavelengths were tested as well as the number and the arrangement of the diodes were determined to achieve a good uniform illumination on the entire area of the everted eyelid. In addition, some software settings regarding white balance, exposure time and gain were optimized.
Results: The modifications tested were implemented in a new device (Keratograph 5M, Oculus). With this device, the assessment of the meibomian glands is possible with an adequate field of view of 25mm. The greater working distance facilitates the eversion of the eyelid. Due to the high resolution camera, high-quality photos and videos can be taken. Six vertically arranged IR-diodes with a wavelength of 840nm ensure a uniform illumination.
Conclusion: The morphology of the meibomian glands can be examined with the new device in an investigator and patient-friendly way. The excellent quality of the meibography images simplifies the evaluation of morphologic gland changes.
Additional comments: Optimization of the Non-Contact Meibography by means of an experimental Corneal Topographer},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: To optimize the non-contact meibography using a corneal topographer to improve the image quality and to make the assessment of the meibomian gland morphology more accessible in daily practice, easier for the practitioner and more comfortable for the patient.
Methods: A commercial corneal topographer was used to assess meibography images regarding illumination, magnification and field of view. With lenses which were adjusted in the calotte of the device the field of view, the optimal magnification and in this regard an appropriate working distance were determined to simplify the gland assessment for the investigator in terms of the eversion of the eyelid. With an experimental corneal topographer equipped with a high resolution camera and a manually adjustable magnification changer, the illumination was tested. Therefore, different IR-diodes with seven different wavelengths were tested as well as the number and the arrangement of the diodes were determined to achieve a good uniform illumination on the entire area of the everted eyelid. In addition, some software settings regarding white balance, exposure time and gain were optimized.
Results: The modifications tested were implemented in a new device (Keratograph 5M, Oculus). With this device, the assessment of the meibomian glands is possible with an adequate field of view of 25mm. The greater working distance facilitates the eversion of the eyelid. Due to the high resolution camera, high-quality photos and videos can be taken. Six vertically arranged IR-diodes with a wavelength of 840nm ensure a uniform illumination.
Conclusion: The morphology of the meibomian glands can be examined with the new device in an investigator and patient-friendly way. The excellent quality of the meibography images simplifies the evaluation of morphologic gland changes.
Additional comments: Optimization of the Non-Contact Meibography by means of an experimental Corneal Topographer
Rattunde, Ulrike; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Nr. 125677, American Academy of Optometry 2012.
@conference{Rattunde2012b,
title = {Explorative Study of a Reaction Time Comparison between Professional Athletes and Novices Using a Hand-Eye Coordination Board},
author = {Ulrike Rattunde and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AAO2012-UR-Explorative-study-of-a-reaction-time-comparison-between-professional-athlets-and-novices-using-a-hand-eye-coordination-board.pdf
http://www.aaopt.org/explorative-study-reactiontime-comparison-between-professional-athletes-and-novices-using-hand-eye},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-11-01},
urldate = {2012-11-01},
number = {125677},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: A proficient hand-eye coordination has great influence on the success of athletes in many sport disciplines and can be practiced with a novel coordination board (twall®, IMM Holding GmbH). A comparison was made between professional athletes and novices to determine differences in the hand-eye coordination performance.
Methods: Nineteen female novices (24.7±2.1 years) were included in this study and data were collected by one observer. These prospective results were compared to the retrospective results (multi observers at Vision@Sports, January10-11, 2011) of 17 female athletes of the German women's national soccer team (24.1±4.6 years). During the test the coordination board was divided into two fields. Two participants, each participant at one field, were doing a challenge at the same time, deactivating only one color (blue or yellow). The testing period time as well as the number of mistakes was analyzed.
Results: Differences between the non-normally distributed data of each group were tested statistically by means of Mann-Whitney-U test. In comparison to the novices (98.053±7.699s), the professional athletes (91.706±6.049s) achieved significantly better results in the testing period times (p=0.007). Furthermore, the average error rate of the athletes with 1.7-2.1 mistakes was significantly lower (p=0.011) than this of the novices (4.2-3.4 mistakes).
Conclusion: The athlete-novice comparison suggests that female professional athletes have better hand-eye coordination. To evaluate the performance parameter, the coordination board twall® is a useful device.
Additional comments: The twall® was provided by IMM Holding GmbH. This study was accomplished without any financial support.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: A proficient hand-eye coordination has great influence on the success of athletes in many sport disciplines and can be practiced with a novel coordination board (twall®, IMM Holding GmbH). A comparison was made between professional athletes and novices to determine differences in the hand-eye coordination performance.
Methods: Nineteen female novices (24.7±2.1 years) were included in this study and data were collected by one observer. These prospective results were compared to the retrospective results (multi observers at Vision@Sports, January10-11, 2011) of 17 female athletes of the German women's national soccer team (24.1±4.6 years). During the test the coordination board was divided into two fields. Two participants, each participant at one field, were doing a challenge at the same time, deactivating only one color (blue or yellow). The testing period time as well as the number of mistakes was analyzed.
Results: Differences between the non-normally distributed data of each group were tested statistically by means of Mann-Whitney-U test. In comparison to the novices (98.053±7.699s), the professional athletes (91.706±6.049s) achieved significantly better results in the testing period times (p=0.007). Furthermore, the average error rate of the athletes with 1.7-2.1 mistakes was significantly lower (p=0.011) than this of the novices (4.2-3.4 mistakes).
Conclusion: The athlete-novice comparison suggests that female professional athletes have better hand-eye coordination. To evaluate the performance parameter, the coordination board twall® is a useful device.
Additional comments: The twall® was provided by IMM Holding GmbH. This study was accomplished without any financial support.
Rattunde, Ulrike; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Experimental Study on Color Recognition Using a Hand-Eye Coordination Board Konferenz
Nr. Number 125318, American Academy of Optometry 2012.
@conference{Rattunde2012,
title = {Experimental Study on Color Recognition Using a Hand-Eye Coordination Board},
author = {Ulrike Rattunde and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AAO2012-UR-Experimental-study-on-color-recognition-using-a-hand-eye-coordination-board.pdf
http://www.aaopt.org/experimental-study-color-recognition-using-hand-eye-coordination-board},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-11-01},
urldate = {2012-11-01},
number = {Number 125318},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: The interaction of visual and motoric component is known as hand-eye or hand-foot coordination and demands high of the perception system. This ability can be practiced with a novel coordination board (twall?, IMM Holding GmbH) by deactivating flashing fields. The aim of this study was to determine one preference color out of the seven emitted light colors using a combination of a hand-eye coordination test and a visual selective task.
Methods: In this prospective study 44 participants (25.0-1.9years; 64% female, 36% male) were included. They had to select a target color from distracting colors in a visual search task. The target color was presented in randomized orders and positions. The average reaction times of each color as well as the number of mistakes were recorded. Differences between the non-normally distributed reaction times for each color have been statistically tested with Friedman.
Results: The colors red (851?147ms), green (904-152ms) and yellow (960-164ms) have been deactivated significantly faster (p<0.05) than rose (1103-184ms), pink (1119-167ms), blue (1225-204ms) and turquoise (1281-274ms). The mixing-up of blue and turquoise as well as rose and pink is the reason why mistakes only occurred in the target colors blue (49.0%), turquoise (40.2%), rose (8.8%) and pink (2.0%).
Conclusions: The selection of all seven colors showed preferences for red, green and yellow. A color optimization is necessary to design training for selective attention.
Additional comments: This study was accomplished without any financial support.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: The interaction of visual and motoric component is known as hand-eye or hand-foot coordination and demands high of the perception system. This ability can be practiced with a novel coordination board (twall?, IMM Holding GmbH) by deactivating flashing fields. The aim of this study was to determine one preference color out of the seven emitted light colors using a combination of a hand-eye coordination test and a visual selective task.
Methods: In this prospective study 44 participants (25.0-1.9years; 64% female, 36% male) were included. They had to select a target color from distracting colors in a visual search task. The target color was presented in randomized orders and positions. The average reaction times of each color as well as the number of mistakes were recorded. Differences between the non-normally distributed reaction times for each color have been statistically tested with Friedman.
Results: The colors red (851?147ms), green (904-152ms) and yellow (960-164ms) have been deactivated significantly faster (p<0.05) than rose (1103-184ms), pink (1119-167ms), blue (1225-204ms) and turquoise (1281-274ms). The mixing-up of blue and turquoise as well as rose and pink is the reason why mistakes only occurred in the target colors blue (49.0%), turquoise (40.2%), rose (8.8%) and pink (2.0%).
Conclusions: The selection of all seven colors showed preferences for red, green and yellow. A color optimization is necessary to design training for selective attention.
Additional comments: This study was accomplished without any financial support.
Kuntz, Jörg; Michel, Martina; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Computer-aided analysis of tear film velocity compared with established tear film tests Konferenz
Nr. 125575, 2012.
@conference{Kuntz2012b,
title = {Computer-aided analysis of tear film velocity compared with established tear film tests},
author = {Jörg Kuntz and Martina Michel and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AAO2012-JK-Computer-aided-analysis-to-tear-film-velocity-compared-with-established-tear-film-tests.pdf
http://www.aaopt.org/computer-aided-analysis-tear-film-velocity-compared-established-tear-film-tests},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-11-01},
urldate = {2012-11-01},
number = {125575},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: To compare the tear film velocity measured in a manual analysis by means of a slit lamp with computer-aided analysis using a corneal topographer. These measurements of the tear flow behavior will be performed automatically. Correlations between the flow rates and established tear film tests were also carried out.
Methods: A conventional slit lamp and a previously modified corneal topographer (Keratograph 4) was used to assess tear film velocity. The velocity of tear film particles of 34 participants (right and left eye; mean age 37.1+/-19.1years; male 38% female 62%) were recorded in a video. The velocity after 1 second was used for statistical analysis. The tear film velocity corresponds to the movement of these particles. Using the VIANA video analysis software, the velocity was analyzed automatically. The velocities measured with slit lamp were compared with those of the topographer (Pearson). Moreover, the correlation between the results of established tear film tests (tear meniscus height, lipid interference pattern, Phenol red test) and the velocities were determined (Spearman)
Results: The median of the tear film velocity assessed with the slit lamp was 1.15mm/s (mean 1.24+/-0.47mm/s), this assessed with the topographer was 1.19mm/s(mean 1.10+/-0.39mm/s). The results were normally distributed(Shapiro-Wilk-test) with both slit lamp (p=0.216) and topographer method (p=0.365). No significant difference between the methods (p=0.113; t-test; 95%CI(of differences) -0.34;-0.31mm/s) was found and the results correlated (r=0.347, p=0.044). However, no significant correlations between the velocities and established tear film tests were identified (p>0.05)
Conclusion: Modified topographer allows a user-friendly assessment of tear film velocity. A correlation between flow rates and established tests could not be detected. Further studies should be made to carry out and develop an automatically detection of particles and a classification of tear film velocity
Additional comments: The Keratograph 4 and was provided by Oculus GmbH. This study was accomplished without any financial support.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: To compare the tear film velocity measured in a manual analysis by means of a slit lamp with computer-aided analysis using a corneal topographer. These measurements of the tear flow behavior will be performed automatically. Correlations between the flow rates and established tear film tests were also carried out.
Methods: A conventional slit lamp and a previously modified corneal topographer (Keratograph 4) was used to assess tear film velocity. The velocity of tear film particles of 34 participants (right and left eye; mean age 37.1+/-19.1years; male 38% female 62%) were recorded in a video. The velocity after 1 second was used for statistical analysis. The tear film velocity corresponds to the movement of these particles. Using the VIANA video analysis software, the velocity was analyzed automatically. The velocities measured with slit lamp were compared with those of the topographer (Pearson). Moreover, the correlation between the results of established tear film tests (tear meniscus height, lipid interference pattern, Phenol red test) and the velocities were determined (Spearman)
Results: The median of the tear film velocity assessed with the slit lamp was 1.15mm/s (mean 1.24+/-0.47mm/s), this assessed with the topographer was 1.19mm/s(mean 1.10+/-0.39mm/s). The results were normally distributed(Shapiro-Wilk-test) with both slit lamp (p=0.216) and topographer method (p=0.365). No significant difference between the methods (p=0.113; t-test; 95%CI(of differences) -0.34;-0.31mm/s) was found and the results correlated (r=0.347, p=0.044). However, no significant correlations between the velocities and established tear film tests were identified (p>0.05)
Conclusion: Modified topographer allows a user-friendly assessment of tear film velocity. A correlation between flow rates and established tests could not be detected. Further studies should be made to carry out and develop an automatically detection of particles and a classification of tear film velocity
Additional comments: The Keratograph 4 and was provided by Oculus GmbH. This study was accomplished without any financial support.
Oehring, Daniela; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Nr. 125074, American Academy of Optometry 2012.
@conference{Oehring2012,
title = {Prospective study to establish the standard value of tear film osmolarity of eye-healthy, asymptomatic subjects},
author = {Daniela Oehring and Wolfgang Sickenberger },
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AAO2012-DO-Prospective-study-to-establish-the-standard-value-of-tear-film-osmolarity-of-eye-healthy-asymptomatic.pdf
http://www.aaopt.org/prospective-study-establish-standard-value-tear-film-osmolarity-eye-healthy-asymptomatic-subjects},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-11-01},
urldate = {2012-11-01},
number = {125074},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: To determine the standard value of tear osmolarity among eye-healthy, asymptomatic participants using TearLab Osmometer (TearLab Corporation) and to compare this value with past studies.
Methods: In this prospective, randomized (eye side, used measured pen) clinical trial, 304 participants from 8 different German regions were included. Data were collected at 1 visit. After baseline examination, 134 participants (56 male/78 female; average age 40.9?15.9years) met the inclusion criteria. Participants using medication for regulation of water/electrolyte balance and medication which influenced tear production or tear film were excluded. The McMonnies DEQ was used to detect dry eye disease. A meta-analysis was conducted using 21 studies which examined asymptomatic participants fulfilling pre-defined criteria such as medication use or defined age of participants.
Results: The mean osmolarity was determined at (303.3+/-17.3)mOsms/L. The osmolarity of right eye (304.9+/-18,2)mOsms/L was statistically significantly higher than of left eye (301.6+/-16.3)mOsms/L (t-test paired samples p=0.020) but not clinically relevant. When the osmolarity of only one eye is measured and the recommended Cut-Off-Value of 316mOsms/L was used to diagnose dry eye, the sensitivity of the test decreased from approx.. 95% to 61.6%. The mean osmolarity determined correlates with the value calculated in the meta-analysis (303.5+/-6.3mOsms/L , n=1463; t-test, unpaired samples p=0.901 reverse null hypothesis).
Conclusions: The mean osmolarity that was determined in this study may be used as representative for an asymptomatic patient. Measurement of osmolarity should be performed under stable laboratory conditions. When using the COV of 316 mOsms/L, the measurement of only one eye is not sufficient to make an exact diagnosis. It is indispensable to measure both eyes in order to diagnose dry eye disease.
Additional comments: The TearLab Osmometer and equipment was provided by Ciba Vision Vertriebs GmbH and slit lamp by BonOptic GmbH. This study was accomplished without any financial support.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: To determine the standard value of tear osmolarity among eye-healthy, asymptomatic participants using TearLab Osmometer (TearLab Corporation) and to compare this value with past studies.
Methods: In this prospective, randomized (eye side, used measured pen) clinical trial, 304 participants from 8 different German regions were included. Data were collected at 1 visit. After baseline examination, 134 participants (56 male/78 female; average age 40.9?15.9years) met the inclusion criteria. Participants using medication for regulation of water/electrolyte balance and medication which influenced tear production or tear film were excluded. The McMonnies DEQ was used to detect dry eye disease. A meta-analysis was conducted using 21 studies which examined asymptomatic participants fulfilling pre-defined criteria such as medication use or defined age of participants.
Results: The mean osmolarity was determined at (303.3+/-17.3)mOsms/L. The osmolarity of right eye (304.9+/-18,2)mOsms/L was statistically significantly higher than of left eye (301.6+/-16.3)mOsms/L (t-test paired samples p=0.020) but not clinically relevant. When the osmolarity of only one eye is measured and the recommended Cut-Off-Value of 316mOsms/L was used to diagnose dry eye, the sensitivity of the test decreased from approx.. 95% to 61.6%. The mean osmolarity determined correlates with the value calculated in the meta-analysis (303.5+/-6.3mOsms/L , n=1463; t-test, unpaired samples p=0.901 reverse null hypothesis).
Conclusions: The mean osmolarity that was determined in this study may be used as representative for an asymptomatic patient. Measurement of osmolarity should be performed under stable laboratory conditions. When using the COV of 316 mOsms/L, the measurement of only one eye is not sufficient to make an exact diagnosis. It is indispensable to measure both eyes in order to diagnose dry eye disease.
Additional comments: The TearLab Osmometer and equipment was provided by Ciba Vision Vertriebs GmbH and slit lamp by BonOptic GmbH. This study was accomplished without any financial support.
Blaurock, Claudia; Oehring, Daniela; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Nr. 125656, American Academy of Optometry 2012.
@conference{Blaurock2012,
title = {Bicentral, Prospective Study to Compare Corneal Diameter, Curvature and Eccentricity of Caucasian Eyes},
author = {Claudia Blaurock and Daniela Oehring and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {http://www.aaopt.org/bicentral-prospective-study-compare-corneal-diameter-curvature-and-eccentricity-caucasian-eyes
https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/final_WS_CB.pdf},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-11-01},
urldate = {2012-11-01},
number = {125656},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: To review the following hypothesis: the larger the corneal diameter the smaller the corneal curvature. Furthermore, the relationship between the corneal parameters which are important for soft contact lens fitting will be examined.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 5827 data from right (52%) and left (48%) Caucasian eyes were analyzed. These data were exclusively taken from the Oculus Keratograph 4, which were collected in two different German locations (Jena n=1688 and Hildesheim n=4139) and saved from July 1999 to March 2012. 66% females and 34% males with an average age of (33.8; 14.2) years were included. Correlations were analyzed with Pearson coefficient. The following correlations were examined: corneal diameter, radii of corneal curvature and corneal eccentricity at 30DEG. Furthermore, the data were analyzed within the following groups: sex, age, eye side.
Results: Between the corneal diameter (11.74+/-0.40mm), flat and steep corneal radius of curvature (7.86 +/- 0.28mm; 7.67 +/- 0.27mm), a small correlation (r=0.470; R2=0.221; p=0.000; r=0.477; R2=0.228; p=0.000) was determined. The results within the groups sex, age and eye side (p>0.005) were equivalent. The correlation between the flat and steep radius of curvature (7.86 +/- 0.28mm; 7.67+/-0.27mm) and the overall eccentricity (0.54 +/- 0.12) at 30DEG is: r=0.125; R2=0.016; p=0.000; r=0.092; R2=0.008; p=0.000. 51.2% of all data analyzed are located in the range of (11.34; 12.14)mm on the x-axis (corneal diameter) and (7.85; 8.14)mm at the y-axis (flat corneal radius of curvature).
Conclusion: The hypothesis the larger the corneal diameter the smaller the corneal curvature was proven and confirmed. Eyes with a flatter radius of curvature tend to have a higher eccentricity at 30DEG. The design of soft contact lenses referring to average values of corneal parameters leads to approx. 50% suitable contact lens geometries for contact lens wearers.
Additional comment: study was accomplished without any financial support.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: To review the following hypothesis: the larger the corneal diameter the smaller the corneal curvature. Furthermore, the relationship between the corneal parameters which are important for soft contact lens fitting will be examined.
Methods: In this retrospective study, 5827 data from right (52%) and left (48%) Caucasian eyes were analyzed. These data were exclusively taken from the Oculus Keratograph 4, which were collected in two different German locations (Jena n=1688 and Hildesheim n=4139) and saved from July 1999 to March 2012. 66% females and 34% males with an average age of (33.8; 14.2) years were included. Correlations were analyzed with Pearson coefficient. The following correlations were examined: corneal diameter, radii of corneal curvature and corneal eccentricity at 30DEG. Furthermore, the data were analyzed within the following groups: sex, age, eye side.
Results: Between the corneal diameter (11.74+/-0.40mm), flat and steep corneal radius of curvature (7.86 +/- 0.28mm; 7.67 +/- 0.27mm), a small correlation (r=0.470; R2=0.221; p=0.000; r=0.477; R2=0.228; p=0.000) was determined. The results within the groups sex, age and eye side (p>0.005) were equivalent. The correlation between the flat and steep radius of curvature (7.86 +/- 0.28mm; 7.67+/-0.27mm) and the overall eccentricity (0.54 +/- 0.12) at 30DEG is: r=0.125; R2=0.016; p=0.000; r=0.092; R2=0.008; p=0.000. 51.2% of all data analyzed are located in the range of (11.34; 12.14)mm on the x-axis (corneal diameter) and (7.85; 8.14)mm at the y-axis (flat corneal radius of curvature).
Conclusion: The hypothesis the larger the corneal diameter the smaller the corneal curvature was proven and confirmed. Eyes with a flatter radius of curvature tend to have a higher eccentricity at 30DEG. The design of soft contact lenses referring to average values of corneal parameters leads to approx. 50% suitable contact lens geometries for contact lens wearers.
Additional comment: study was accomplished without any financial support.
Oehring, Daniela; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Development and Evaluation of a Novel Morphing Software to gradeSlit Lamp Findings Konferenz
Nr. 120671, American Academy of Optometry Phoenix, 2012.
@conference{Oehring2012b,
title = {Development and Evaluation of a Novel Morphing Software to gradeSlit Lamp Findings},
author = {Daniela Oehring and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Poster_2012_DO_final.pdf
http://www.aaopt.org/development-and-evaluation-novel-morphing-software-grade-slit-lamp-findings},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-10-26},
urldate = {2012-10-26},
number = {120671},
address = {Phoenix},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: To develop and to evaluate new morphing software for eight different slit lamp findings and to compare the grading results with the new morphing software and with a printed grading scale.
Methods: The morphing software (MS) was coded in ActionScript (V2.8;Adobe Systems). The 8 most common slit lamp findings: bulbar, limbal, tarsal redness, corneal neovascularisation, corneal staining, 3h/9h staining, SICS and polymegathismus were used in the MS based on a novel grading scale (JenVis Contact Lenses Grading Scales). For each finding, 101 images were modified from normal to severe using image editing software (Adobe Photoshop CS4). In the software images were arranged chronologically and converted into a video clip. 67 participants (22 students, 45 professionals) assessed these findings. Five grades were evaluated. For this purpose, the image number was coded into running time. The participants had to fix the video position where they had identified the limit of the current grade. The study was divided into three phases. First, five actual-scale images were evaluated using grading scale. Second, the limits of grades were determined using MS. Third, actual-scale images were graded by software, too.
Results: Grade limits were on average: Grade 1 (17+/-8), 2 (39+/-8), 3 (62+/-7) and 4 (81+/-8). All findings were graded similarly irrespective of whether grading scale or MS was used (t-test paired samples; p>0.667), with exception of corneal neovascularization for which grades were higher when using grading scale (t-test paired sample; p=0.012). Both groups had no significant deviation between grading the actual-scale image with printed scale and MS (p=0.089 t-test paired samples).
Conclusion: New MS was developed to carry out training units which are useful for educational purposes and particularly in clinical research to train different observers to grade uniformly. Limits of grades of findings for morphing software could be determined. Limits are valid and can be integrated in the software.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: To develop and to evaluate new morphing software for eight different slit lamp findings and to compare the grading results with the new morphing software and with a printed grading scale.
Methods: The morphing software (MS) was coded in ActionScript (V2.8;Adobe Systems). The 8 most common slit lamp findings: bulbar, limbal, tarsal redness, corneal neovascularisation, corneal staining, 3h/9h staining, SICS and polymegathismus were used in the MS based on a novel grading scale (JenVis Contact Lenses Grading Scales). For each finding, 101 images were modified from normal to severe using image editing software (Adobe Photoshop CS4). In the software images were arranged chronologically and converted into a video clip. 67 participants (22 students, 45 professionals) assessed these findings. Five grades were evaluated. For this purpose, the image number was coded into running time. The participants had to fix the video position where they had identified the limit of the current grade. The study was divided into three phases. First, five actual-scale images were evaluated using grading scale. Second, the limits of grades were determined using MS. Third, actual-scale images were graded by software, too.
Results: Grade limits were on average: Grade 1 (17+/-8), 2 (39+/-8), 3 (62+/-7) and 4 (81+/-8). All findings were graded similarly irrespective of whether grading scale or MS was used (t-test paired samples; p>0.667), with exception of corneal neovascularization for which grades were higher when using grading scale (t-test paired sample; p=0.012). Both groups had no significant deviation between grading the actual-scale image with printed scale and MS (p=0.089 t-test paired samples).
Conclusion: New MS was developed to carry out training units which are useful for educational purposes and particularly in clinical research to train different observers to grade uniformly. Limits of grades of findings for morphing software could be determined. Limits are valid and can be integrated in the software.
Holzhey, Claudia; Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Huonker, Ralph
Nr. 125320, American Academy of Optometry 2012.
@conference{Holzhey2012,
title = {Influence analysis of stroboscobic training on anticipative skills and temporal resolutions using computer-based and electrophysiological tests},
author = {Claudia Holzhey and Wolfgang Sickenberger and Ralph Huonker},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AAO2012-CH-Influence-Analysis-of-STroboscopic-training-on-anticipative-skills-and-temporal-resolution-using-computer-based.pdf
http://www.aaopt.org/influence-analysis-stroboscopic-training-anticipative-skills-and-temporal-resolution-using-computer},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-10-25},
urldate = {2012-10-25},
number = {125320},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: In addition to sport-motoric fitness, the performance of athletes is decisively destined by visual perception, especially in fast ball sports. Innovative training tools - such as the MJ Impulse shutter goggles - shall improve visual parameters. By using the MJ Impulse, the present pilot study helps to describe the effectiveness of a single stroboscopic training on anticipative skills such as reaction time and decision making as well as on temporal resolution.
Methods: In a controlled study design, 27 subjects participated in a thirty-minute MJ Impulse training. Starting with a frequency of 5 Hz and a light/dark ratio of 45 to 55%, test persons did simple passing and reaction exercises. Every ten minutes, the duration of the dark period was increased by 5%. The evaluation of the perception training was carried out by a pre- and post-test using three self-programmed computer scenarios and a flicker fusion test based on the Vienna Test System. Five of the 27 subjects additionally took part in EEG-measurements to validate the outcome of the flicker fusion test.
Results: The data evaluation is based on a Mixed Factorial ANOVA as well as variance analyses within each experimental group. The flicker frequency, as a parameter of temporal resolution, significantly decreased within the test group by 2.3% (p=0.00) whereas it increased in the control group. There was no evidence in the EEG measurements due to the fact that electrophysiological signals are still detectable although the flicker fusion threshold is subjectively achieved. A subjective improvement in reaction time could not confirmed by the objective psycho-physiologically measured values. Concerning the anticipation of two-dimensional motions no changes were found.
Conclusions: A single training using the MJ Impulse seems to have a negative impact on the flicker frequency. Further studies are required to detect a long-term effect and to validate the results ascertained.
Additional comments: No conflict of interest to disclose. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: In addition to sport-motoric fitness, the performance of athletes is decisively destined by visual perception, especially in fast ball sports. Innovative training tools - such as the MJ Impulse shutter goggles - shall improve visual parameters. By using the MJ Impulse, the present pilot study helps to describe the effectiveness of a single stroboscopic training on anticipative skills such as reaction time and decision making as well as on temporal resolution.
Methods: In a controlled study design, 27 subjects participated in a thirty-minute MJ Impulse training. Starting with a frequency of 5 Hz and a light/dark ratio of 45 to 55%, test persons did simple passing and reaction exercises. Every ten minutes, the duration of the dark period was increased by 5%. The evaluation of the perception training was carried out by a pre- and post-test using three self-programmed computer scenarios and a flicker fusion test based on the Vienna Test System. Five of the 27 subjects additionally took part in EEG-measurements to validate the outcome of the flicker fusion test.
Results: The data evaluation is based on a Mixed Factorial ANOVA as well as variance analyses within each experimental group. The flicker frequency, as a parameter of temporal resolution, significantly decreased within the test group by 2.3% (p=0.00) whereas it increased in the control group. There was no evidence in the EEG measurements due to the fact that electrophysiological signals are still detectable although the flicker fusion threshold is subjectively achieved. A subjective improvement in reaction time could not confirmed by the objective psycho-physiologically measured values. Concerning the anticipation of two-dimensional motions no changes were found.
Conclusions: A single training using the MJ Impulse seems to have a negative impact on the flicker frequency. Further studies are required to detect a long-term effect and to validate the results ascertained.
Additional comments: No conflict of interest to disclose.
Müller, Christiane; Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Marx, Sebastian
Optometry Conference of Central and South-Eastern Europe Croatia, Opatjia, 2012.
@conference{Müller2012,
title = {Determination of Thickness Profiles of Toric SCLs and New Relevant SHCLs Using Scheimpflug Technology},
author = {Christiane Müller and Wolfgang Sickenberger and Sebastian Marx},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Poster-englisch-Müller.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311536498_Determination_of_Thickness_Profiles_of_Toric_SCLs_and_New_Relevant_SHCLs_Using_Scheimpflug_Technology},
doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.34498.58564},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-06-01},
urldate = {2012-06-01},
address = {Croatia, Opatjia},
organization = {Optometry Conference of Central and South-Eastern Europe},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: (1) Primary objective was the characterization of thickness profiles and lens stabilization systems of toric soft contact lenses (SCLs) and new siliconhydrogel contact lenses (SHCLs) in vitro. (2) The second aim was to measure the SCL without dyeing them with fluorescein.
Materials and methods: (1) A Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam, Oculus) was used to measure eight different toric SCL brands and two new SHCL brands, 81 lenses in total. Presize lens cross-sections were generated to create a colour-coded Dk/t map by combining the thickness profile with the DK value of the material. (2) The Scheimpflug camera was modified to relinquish of dyeing the lenses with fluorescein. To compare the results, the lenses were cut into thin profile slides and examined with a microscope by the Zeiss Axio software.
Results: (1) It is possible to visualize different stabilization systems and BVPs of toric as well as spherical SCL. There is a significant strong positive linear correlation except one point (rmax= 0,983, p<0,001, rmin= 0,297, p=0,066) between the Scheimpflug and microscopy method when lenses weren`t dyed, and as well with dyeing the lenses (rmax= 0,941, p<0,001, rmin= 0,791, p<0,001). (2) The new modified Scheimpflug camera detects thickness values of an area over 14 mm diameters without dyeing the lenses.
Conclusion: (1) The thickness profiles can be used to characterize designs of SCLs and to visualize the oxygen transmissibility over the entire area of various lens types. (2) Using the new modified Scheimpflug camera, profiles can be generated of SCLs without dyeing.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: (1) Primary objective was the characterization of thickness profiles and lens stabilization systems of toric soft contact lenses (SCLs) and new siliconhydrogel contact lenses (SHCLs) in vitro. (2) The second aim was to measure the SCL without dyeing them with fluorescein.
Materials and methods: (1) A Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam, Oculus) was used to measure eight different toric SCL brands and two new SHCL brands, 81 lenses in total. Presize lens cross-sections were generated to create a colour-coded Dk/t map by combining the thickness profile with the DK value of the material. (2) The Scheimpflug camera was modified to relinquish of dyeing the lenses with fluorescein. To compare the results, the lenses were cut into thin profile slides and examined with a microscope by the Zeiss Axio software.
Results: (1) It is possible to visualize different stabilization systems and BVPs of toric as well as spherical SCL. There is a significant strong positive linear correlation except one point (rmax= 0,983, p<0,001, rmin= 0,297, p=0,066) between the Scheimpflug and microscopy method when lenses weren`t dyed, and as well with dyeing the lenses (rmax= 0,941, p<0,001, rmin= 0,791, p<0,001). (2) The new modified Scheimpflug camera detects thickness values of an area over 14 mm diameters without dyeing the lenses.
Conclusion: (1) The thickness profiles can be used to characterize designs of SCLs and to visualize the oxygen transmissibility over the entire area of various lens types. (2) Using the new modified Scheimpflug camera, profiles can be generated of SCLs without dyeing.
Leube, Alexander; Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Marx, Sebastian
The application of the indentation test on the measurement of modulus of soft contact lens materials Konferenz
American Academy of Optometry, Nr. 125301, 2012.
@conference{Leube2012,
title = {The application of the indentation test on the measurement of modulus of soft contact lens materials},
author = {Alexander Leube and Wolfgang Sickenberger and Sebastian Marx},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Poster-Leube-AAO.pdf
http://www.aaopt.org/application-indentation-test-measurement-modulus-soft-contact-lens-materials},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
urldate = {2012-01-01},
booktitle = {American Academy of Optometry},
number = {125301},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: To develop a novel, non-destructive method that evaluates the modulus of common soft contact lens materials. In course of this potential confounding factors should be examine.
Methods: According to the instrumented indentation test (ISO 14577) a micro-hardness tester (Fischerscope HM2000) was used to measure the modulus of softcontact lenses. To evaluate the confounding factors, measurements with three different fluids (saline, blister and conditioned solution) and contact lenses of different thicknesses were performed. Also the influence of stacking (different numbers of lenses above each other) was examined. To get comparable values of market leading soft contact lenses the modulus of five different monthly and three different daily disposable lenseswith the power of +6D were examined by using fully hydrated conditions.
Results: The analysis of the confounding factors shows that the achieved modulus measured in saline solution is significant lower in comparison to a conditioned solution (p<0.001, t-test) and a blister solution (p=0.003, t-test). Measurements of thinner lenses resulted in higher modulus values (rmin=0.781 p=0.236; rmax=0.995 p=0.032). For the use of stacking the standard deviation is rising (r=0.878 p=0.789, t-test).In every case the modulusof the measured contact lenses were significant different (p<0.001, t-test) to the values that are given by the manufacturers. The coefficient of variation ranged from 2% up to 35%.
Conclusions: For all market leading contact lenses the indentation test was applicable. Several confounding factors were examined and described. The study provides comparable values for the modulus of all common soft contact lens materials. These measurements were performed under fully hydrated conditions the first time.
Additional comments: This study was accomplished without any financial support.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: To develop a novel, non-destructive method that evaluates the modulus of common soft contact lens materials. In course of this potential confounding factors should be examine.
Methods: According to the instrumented indentation test (ISO 14577) a micro-hardness tester (Fischerscope HM2000) was used to measure the modulus of softcontact lenses. To evaluate the confounding factors, measurements with three different fluids (saline, blister and conditioned solution) and contact lenses of different thicknesses were performed. Also the influence of stacking (different numbers of lenses above each other) was examined. To get comparable values of market leading soft contact lenses the modulus of five different monthly and three different daily disposable lenseswith the power of +6D were examined by using fully hydrated conditions.
Results: The analysis of the confounding factors shows that the achieved modulus measured in saline solution is significant lower in comparison to a conditioned solution (p<0.001, t-test) and a blister solution (p=0.003, t-test). Measurements of thinner lenses resulted in higher modulus values (rmin=0.781 p=0.236; rmax=0.995 p=0.032). For the use of stacking the standard deviation is rising (r=0.878 p=0.789, t-test).In every case the modulusof the measured contact lenses were significant different (p<0.001, t-test) to the values that are given by the manufacturers. The coefficient of variation ranged from 2% up to 35%.
Conclusions: For all market leading contact lenses the indentation test was applicable. Several confounding factors were examined and described. The study provides comparable values for the modulus of all common soft contact lens materials. These measurements were performed under fully hydrated conditions the first time.
Additional comments: This study was accomplished without any financial support.
2011
Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Michel, Martina; Marx, Sebastian
Improvement of optical business with contact lens supported spectacle dispensing in Germany Konferenz
Abstracts of the 2011 BCLA Annual Clinical Conference, Manchester, UK, Bd. 34, 2011.
@conference{Sickenberger2011,
title = {Improvement of optical business with contact lens supported spectacle dispensing in Germany},
author = {Wolfgang Sickenberger and Martina Michel and Sebastian Marx},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Poster_BCLA2011_Sickenberger_Michel_Marx.pdf
http://www.contactlensjournal.com/article/S1367-0484(11)60167-7/abstract},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clae.2013.08.152},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-12-01},
urldate = {2011-12-01},
booktitle = {Abstracts of the 2011 BCLA Annual Clinical Conference, Manchester, UK},
journal = {Contact Lens and Anterior Eye},
volume = {34},
pages = {38},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: To prove the benefit of using contact lenses for choosing spectacles for the German market based on the “EASE” study, which was implemented in Great Britain in 2009.
Method: 26 optician outlets throughout Germany participated in the study. 468 subjects with no history of contact lens wear were randomly assigned in a test group (n=306) and a control group (n=162). Contact lenses were offered to the test group as an aid to choosing spectacles, whereas the control group chose their spectacles as usual. The subjects purchase experience, the purchase value of spectacles and a subsequent purchase of contactlenses was assessed and compared for both groups.
Results: The results of an inquiry before spectacle dispensing were approximately similar for both groups (p≥0.219). However after choosing their spectacles the test group rated the purchase experience considerably better than the control group (p≤0.011). 94.8% of the test group agreed to use contact lenses. 82.4% of them were successfully fitted with lenses. The difference of the purchase value was statistically significant between the two groups (p=0.04; variance analysis). The test group spend on average €546.60 for the spectacles, compared to €481.40 in the control group. Within the next three month after spectacle dispensing 52.0% of the test group and 22.8% of the control group purchased contact lenses.
Conclusions: The study clearly showed that the use of contact lenses for choosing spectacles can improve both purchase experience for patients and the purchase value of spectacles and contact lenses.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: To prove the benefit of using contact lenses for choosing spectacles for the German market based on the “EASE” study, which was implemented in Great Britain in 2009.
Method: 26 optician outlets throughout Germany participated in the study. 468 subjects with no history of contact lens wear were randomly assigned in a test group (n=306) and a control group (n=162). Contact lenses were offered to the test group as an aid to choosing spectacles, whereas the control group chose their spectacles as usual. The subjects purchase experience, the purchase value of spectacles and a subsequent purchase of contactlenses was assessed and compared for both groups.
Results: The results of an inquiry before spectacle dispensing were approximately similar for both groups (p≥0.219). However after choosing their spectacles the test group rated the purchase experience considerably better than the control group (p≤0.011). 94.8% of the test group agreed to use contact lenses. 82.4% of them were successfully fitted with lenses. The difference of the purchase value was statistically significant between the two groups (p=0.04; variance analysis). The test group spend on average €546.60 for the spectacles, compared to €481.40 in the control group. Within the next three month after spectacle dispensing 52.0% of the test group and 22.8% of the control group purchased contact lenses.
Conclusions: The study clearly showed that the use of contact lenses for choosing spectacles can improve both purchase experience for patients and the purchase value of spectacles and contact lenses.
Mothes, Kai; Marx, Sebastian; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Abstracts of the 2011 BCLA Annual Clinical Conference, Manchester, UK, Bd. 34, 2011.
@conference{Mothes2011,
title = {Thickness of spherical and toric SCLs measured in vitro by Scheimpflug's principal for determination of the Dk transmissibility values},
author = {Kai Mothes and Sebastian Marx and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Poster_BCLA_2011_Thickness_of_spherical_and-toric_SCLs_FINAL.pdf
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367048411600957},
doi = {doi:10.1016/S1367-0484(11)60095-7},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-12-01},
urldate = {2011-12-01},
booktitle = {Abstracts of the 2011 BCLA Annual Clinical Conference, Manchester, UK},
volume = {34},
pages = {20},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: Ensuring a sufficient supply of oxygen forms the base for healthy long-term contact lens wear. Therefore the Dk/t values of each contact lens material should be given, regardless of power and independent of the point of measurement. In this study, using a Scheimpflug imaging system the thickness of spherical and toric SCLs were obtained at each point of the lens in vitro to achieve Dk/t values as well.
Methods: In this study 27 lower and 30 higher Dk/t-valued SCLs were comparatively examined with Scheimpflug imaging and under a microscope. The investigated lens powers were -1D; -3D and -6D including toric SCLs up to a cylinder value of -1,75D. For better detection of lens surfaces and for algorithmic evaluation of a 14mm diameter the scattered light portion is raised by soaking all lenses into a 2*10-4% fluorescent solution for 30 seconds up to 15 minutes. The investigation results of the scattered light measurement as well as the comparison of the thickness values of both tests were examined by using non-parametric analyses.
Results: The Scheimpflug imaging is suitable to achieve entire lens profiles of all spherical and toric SCLs. Thickness profiles of toric SCLs correspond to stabilization designs declared by manufactures. The different material groups are not significant comparable (p<0.001) in scattering light components according to defined insertion times. Furthermore a significant moderate to strong positive linear correlation (rmin=0.554, rmax=0.914, p <0.001) was detected between both measurement methods.
Conclusions: Thickness profiles and thus the visualization of oxygen transmissibility can be simulated for all SCLs in a color-coded way. For a scientific prospective as well as a practical application the Scheimpflug measurement represents the possibility of a non-disintegrative way of getting lens thickness values, look at toric lens designs and to give statements concerning the suitability of a contact lens for daily or extended wear.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: Ensuring a sufficient supply of oxygen forms the base for healthy long-term contact lens wear. Therefore the Dk/t values of each contact lens material should be given, regardless of power and independent of the point of measurement. In this study, using a Scheimpflug imaging system the thickness of spherical and toric SCLs were obtained at each point of the lens in vitro to achieve Dk/t values as well.
Methods: In this study 27 lower and 30 higher Dk/t-valued SCLs were comparatively examined with Scheimpflug imaging and under a microscope. The investigated lens powers were -1D; -3D and -6D including toric SCLs up to a cylinder value of -1,75D. For better detection of lens surfaces and for algorithmic evaluation of a 14mm diameter the scattered light portion is raised by soaking all lenses into a 2*10-4% fluorescent solution for 30 seconds up to 15 minutes. The investigation results of the scattered light measurement as well as the comparison of the thickness values of both tests were examined by using non-parametric analyses.
Results: The Scheimpflug imaging is suitable to achieve entire lens profiles of all spherical and toric SCLs. Thickness profiles of toric SCLs correspond to stabilization designs declared by manufactures. The different material groups are not significant comparable (p<0.001) in scattering light components according to defined insertion times. Furthermore a significant moderate to strong positive linear correlation (rmin=0.554, rmax=0.914, p <0.001) was detected between both measurement methods.
Conclusions: Thickness profiles and thus the visualization of oxygen transmissibility can be simulated for all SCLs in a color-coded way. For a scientific prospective as well as a practical application the Scheimpflug measurement represents the possibility of a non-disintegrative way of getting lens thickness values, look at toric lens designs and to give statements concerning the suitability of a contact lens for daily or extended wear.
Schubart, Johannes; Michel, Martina; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Abstracts of the 2011 BCLA Annual Clinical Conference, Manchester, UK, Bd. 34, 2011.
@conference{Schubart2011,
title = {Comparison of established tear film test with a new non-invasive tear film analysis method in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca},
author = {Johannes Schubart and Martina Michel and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Poster-BCLA-2011-NIKBUT-dry-eye-group-final.pdf
http://www.contactlensjournal.com/article/S1367-0484(11)60085-4/abstract},
doi = { http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1367-0484(11)60085-4},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-11-01},
urldate = {2011-11-01},
booktitle = {Abstracts of the 2011 BCLA Annual Clinical Conference, Manchester, UK},
journal = {Contact Lens and Anterior Eye},
volume = {34},
pages = {17-18},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the applicability of the non-invasive Keratograph break-up time (NIK-BUT) diagnosing patients with keratokonjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and to expand the current classification for this new tear film assessment method.
Methods: 62 previously diagnosed KCS-patients participated in the study (mean age 63.4±14.9 years; 71% female, 29% male). A control group with asymptomatic participants and a similar test procedure was analyzed in a previous study. The clinical examination included the determination of the tear meniscus height, fluorescein break-up time, Schirmer test (without anaesthetic) and the McMonnies dry eye questionnaire. Each test was scored on a 3 point scale and to be classified as having dry eye patients had to be rated as at least level 3 on three of the four tests. The effectiveness in prediction of KCS with the first break-up (NIKf-BUT) and the average break-up (NIKav-BUT) time was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curves.
Results: The area under the curve was 0.816 (p=0.002) for NIKf-BUT and 0.744 (p<0.001) for NIKav-BUT, representing an acceptable to good test accuracy. Dry eye cut-off values for NIKf-BUT of 3sec revealed a sensitivity and specificity of 76% and NIKav-BUT of 7sec determined a sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 66%.
Conclusion: The classification of NIK-BUT is suitable for categorizing patients with KCS and the method is applicable as an examiner-independent,
non-invasive analysis of tear film in clinical use.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: To investigate the applicability of the non-invasive Keratograph break-up time (NIK-BUT) diagnosing patients with keratokonjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and to expand the current classification for this new tear film assessment method.
Methods: 62 previously diagnosed KCS-patients participated in the study (mean age 63.4±14.9 years; 71% female, 29% male). A control group with asymptomatic participants and a similar test procedure was analyzed in a previous study. The clinical examination included the determination of the tear meniscus height, fluorescein break-up time, Schirmer test (without anaesthetic) and the McMonnies dry eye questionnaire. Each test was scored on a 3 point scale and to be classified as having dry eye patients had to be rated as at least level 3 on three of the four tests. The effectiveness in prediction of KCS with the first break-up (NIKf-BUT) and the average break-up (NIKav-BUT) time was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curves.
Results: The area under the curve was 0.816 (p=0.002) for NIKf-BUT and 0.744 (p<0.001) for NIKav-BUT, representing an acceptable to good test accuracy. Dry eye cut-off values for NIKf-BUT of 3sec revealed a sensitivity and specificity of 76% and NIKav-BUT of 7sec determined a sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 66%.
Conclusion: The classification of NIK-BUT is suitable for categorizing patients with KCS and the method is applicable as an examiner-independent,
non-invasive analysis of tear film in clinical use.
Hübner, Teresa; Tamm, Mirko; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
In: Soft Special Edition, 2011.
@article{Hübner2011,
title = {Study about fitting characteristics of commercially available disposable contact lenses regarding their edge design},
author = {Teresa Hübner and Mirko Tamm and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {http://softspecialedition.com/edge_shape
},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
urldate = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Soft Special Edition},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2010
Wiedemann, Doreen; Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Michel, Martina; Marx, Sebastian
Nr. 105246, American Academy of Optometry 2010.
@conference{Wiedemann2010,
title = {Validation of an objective non-invasive method for a qualitative tear film assessment using a corneal topographer},
author = {Doreen Wiedemann and Wolfgang Sickenberger and Martina Michel and Sebastian Marx},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Poster_Val.pdf
http://www.aaopt.org/validation-objective-non-invasive-method-qualitative-tear-film-assessment-using-corneal-topographer},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-11-18},
urldate = {2010-11-18},
number = {105246},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: Aim of the study was the validation of an objective non-invasive method for a qualitative tear film assessment (NIK-BUT) using a corneal topographer.
Methods: The NIK-BUT was measured by a corneal topographer (OCULUS Keratograph 4) and its new developed measuring software (TF-Scan), which allows a detection of the non-invasive tear film break-up time automatically. A tear-map illustrates affected areas according to the break-up time, whereas the first distortion of the reflected Placido-disc (NIK-BUTf) and the average of all affected areas (NIK-BUTav) are generated. 101 subjects ranging in the age of 41 ±16 years (56% female, 44% male) were measured.
The results were classified and compared with results of established tear film assessment techniques (TMH, BUT-test, Schirmer I-test, McMonnies-DEQ). The data of the study was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC).
Results: Within all methods no normal distribution was found (n=101; Shapiro-Wilk-Test). The evaluation of the 101 subjects resulted in a median NIK-BUTf of 10.8s (mean=11.2±5.3s), a median NIK-BUTav of 15.1s (mean=14.4±5.2s). The predictive power of the first and the average NIK-BUT were significant (NIK-BUTf: AUC=0.679; p=0.016; NIK-BUTav: AUC=0.646; p=0.048) with a cut off value of NIK-BUTf≥9s and NIK-BUTav≥14s. Furthermore an evaluation was carried out at which only the tests with the highest sensitivity (BUT; DEQ) were considered. The results were significant and with strong predictive power (NIK-BUTf: AUC=0.750; p=0.000; NIK-BUTav: AUC=0.735; p=0.000). The cut off values were NIK-BUTf≥10s and NIK-BUTav≥14s.
Conclusions: The NIK-BUT measurement represents one of the first objective and non invasive tear film assessment techniques that supplies good classification results. Single and high efficacy reference tests are particularly suitable for the determination of the cut off values.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: Aim of the study was the validation of an objective non-invasive method for a qualitative tear film assessment (NIK-BUT) using a corneal topographer.
Methods: The NIK-BUT was measured by a corneal topographer (OCULUS Keratograph 4) and its new developed measuring software (TF-Scan), which allows a detection of the non-invasive tear film break-up time automatically. A tear-map illustrates affected areas according to the break-up time, whereas the first distortion of the reflected Placido-disc (NIK-BUTf) and the average of all affected areas (NIK-BUTav) are generated. 101 subjects ranging in the age of 41 ±16 years (56% female, 44% male) were measured.
The results were classified and compared with results of established tear film assessment techniques (TMH, BUT-test, Schirmer I-test, McMonnies-DEQ). The data of the study was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC).
Results: Within all methods no normal distribution was found (n=101; Shapiro-Wilk-Test). The evaluation of the 101 subjects resulted in a median NIK-BUTf of 10.8s (mean=11.2±5.3s), a median NIK-BUTav of 15.1s (mean=14.4±5.2s). The predictive power of the first and the average NIK-BUT were significant (NIK-BUTf: AUC=0.679; p=0.016; NIK-BUTav: AUC=0.646; p=0.048) with a cut off value of NIK-BUTf≥9s and NIK-BUTav≥14s. Furthermore an evaluation was carried out at which only the tests with the highest sensitivity (BUT; DEQ) were considered. The results were significant and with strong predictive power (NIK-BUTf: AUC=0.750; p=0.000; NIK-BUTav: AUC=0.735; p=0.000). The cut off values were NIK-BUTf≥10s and NIK-BUTav≥14s.
Conclusions: The NIK-BUT measurement represents one of the first objective and non invasive tear film assessment techniques that supplies good classification results. Single and high efficacy reference tests are particularly suitable for the determination of the cut off values.
Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Wiedemann, Doreen; Oehring, Daniela
Comparison an repeatability of two methods for tear meniscus height measurements Konferenz
Nr. 105353, American Academy of Optometry 2010.
@conference{Sickenberger2010,
title = {Comparison an repeatability of two methods for tear meniscus height measurements},
author = {Wolfgang Sickenberger and Doreen Wiedemann and Daniela Oehring},
url = {http://www.aaopt.org/comparison-and-repeatability-two-different-methods-tear-meniscus-height-measurement},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-11-18},
urldate = {2010-11-18},
number = {105353},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: Primary aim of the study was the comparison and repeatability of tear meniscus height (TMH) measurement using a slit lamp and the corneal topographer including new developed measuring software (NIK-TMH).
Methods: The TMH was measured by using a corneal topographer (Keratograph 4, OCULUS) and its new developed measuring software (TF-Scan), which allows the detection of the tear prism non-invasively. To compare this novel technique the TMH was also measured by using the slit lamp (SL 150, Zeiss) including an eyepiece with measuring scale. All subjects (n=101; mean age 41 ±16 years; 56% female; 44% male) were measured 3 times under repeatability conditions. The range of measuring at the lower eyelid margin was perpendicular to the centre of the pupil. The data of the study was evaluated by quantitative and qualitative statistical methods, especially the intra-observer repeatability with the standardized Cohen's kappa coefficient (probability of 95%).
Results: Within both methods no normal distribution was found (Shapiro-Wilk-Test; p=0.000). The mean NIK-TMH was 0.24±0.06 mm and the mean TMH 0.24±0.06 mm. There was a strong correlation (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient) between both methods (ρ=0.722; bilateral level of significance: 0.01). The standardized Cohen's kappa measures an agreement between the single NIK-TMH results of κ = 9.76 and between the single TMH results of κ = 9.56 (unilateral level of significance: 0.001).
Conclusions: The intra-observer repeatability in the established TMH method is under discussion as well as in the new method. Both methods showed a high correlation to evaluate the TMH. The NIK-TMH allows the measurement of the tear prism under standardised, non invasive conditions including the possibility to measure it in different areas.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: Primary aim of the study was the comparison and repeatability of tear meniscus height (TMH) measurement using a slit lamp and the corneal topographer including new developed measuring software (NIK-TMH).
Methods: The TMH was measured by using a corneal topographer (Keratograph 4, OCULUS) and its new developed measuring software (TF-Scan), which allows the detection of the tear prism non-invasively. To compare this novel technique the TMH was also measured by using the slit lamp (SL 150, Zeiss) including an eyepiece with measuring scale. All subjects (n=101; mean age 41 ±16 years; 56% female; 44% male) were measured 3 times under repeatability conditions. The range of measuring at the lower eyelid margin was perpendicular to the centre of the pupil. The data of the study was evaluated by quantitative and qualitative statistical methods, especially the intra-observer repeatability with the standardized Cohen's kappa coefficient (probability of 95%).
Results: Within both methods no normal distribution was found (Shapiro-Wilk-Test; p=0.000). The mean NIK-TMH was 0.24±0.06 mm and the mean TMH 0.24±0.06 mm. There was a strong correlation (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient) between both methods (ρ=0.722; bilateral level of significance: 0.01). The standardized Cohen's kappa measures an agreement between the single NIK-TMH results of κ = 9.76 and between the single TMH results of κ = 9.56 (unilateral level of significance: 0.001).
Conclusions: The intra-observer repeatability in the established TMH method is under discussion as well as in the new method. Both methods showed a high correlation to evaluate the TMH. The NIK-TMH allows the measurement of the tear prism under standardised, non invasive conditions including the possibility to measure it in different areas.
Wiedemann, Doreen; Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Michel, Martina; Marx, Sebastian
Nr. 105356, American Academy of Optometry 2010.
@conference{Wiedemann2010b,
title = {Development and realization of a new non-invasive method for tear film assessment using a corneal topographer},
author = {Doreen Wiedemann and Wolfgang Sickenberger and Martina Michel and Sebastian Marx},
url = {http://www.aaopt.org/development-and-realization-non-invasive-method-tear-film-assessment-using-corneal-topographer},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-11-18},
urldate = {2010-11-18},
number = {105356},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: Aim of the study was the development and realization of a non-invasive method for qualitative and quantitative tear film assessment using a corneal topographer.
Methods: Prior to the measurements new program-modifications for the corneal topographer were developed and introduced in order to determine the tear meniscus height (NIK-TMH) and the non-invasive tear film break-up time (NIK-BUT). The NIK-BUT measurement is based on the projection of a Placido-disc and its reflection from the tear film. To compare the new method with established techniques the tear meniscus was measured by slit lamp observation (TMH) and the non invasive tear film break-up time (NIBUT) by using the Tearscope (Keeler).
Results: Tear meniscus height: A normal distribution (n=34, mean age 28.32± 7.17 years, 47% female, 53% male; Shapiro-Wilk-Test) was found for both methods. The mean NIK-TMH and TMH was 0.18 ±0.03 mm with a low correlation due to the distribution of the single values.
Tear film break-up time: Neither the BUT nor the NIK-BUT results showed a normal distribution. The evaluation of the measurements was made for 17 subjects according to the NIBUT definition (Mengher et. al). All other subjects (n=17) blinked before the measurement was finished. The NIK-BUT median was 11.33s (mean 12.75±5.24s) and the NIBUT median was 8.8s (mean 10.0±5.0s). There was a significant difference between both techniques (sign rank test according to Wilcoxon). The measuring range was considerably larger with the corneal topographer (9.4±0.5mm; Tearscope (Keeler): 4.2±0.3mm) and enables the determination of peripheral break-up areas.
Conclusions: The developed non-invasive technique allows the assessment of the tear meniscus height and the tear film break-up time and represents an advanced alternative for the qualitative and quantitative tear film analysis.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: Aim of the study was the development and realization of a non-invasive method for qualitative and quantitative tear film assessment using a corneal topographer.
Methods: Prior to the measurements new program-modifications for the corneal topographer were developed and introduced in order to determine the tear meniscus height (NIK-TMH) and the non-invasive tear film break-up time (NIK-BUT). The NIK-BUT measurement is based on the projection of a Placido-disc and its reflection from the tear film. To compare the new method with established techniques the tear meniscus was measured by slit lamp observation (TMH) and the non invasive tear film break-up time (NIBUT) by using the Tearscope (Keeler).
Results: Tear meniscus height: A normal distribution (n=34, mean age 28.32± 7.17 years, 47% female, 53% male; Shapiro-Wilk-Test) was found for both methods. The mean NIK-TMH and TMH was 0.18 ±0.03 mm with a low correlation due to the distribution of the single values.
Tear film break-up time: Neither the BUT nor the NIK-BUT results showed a normal distribution. The evaluation of the measurements was made for 17 subjects according to the NIBUT definition (Mengher et. al). All other subjects (n=17) blinked before the measurement was finished. The NIK-BUT median was 11.33s (mean 12.75±5.24s) and the NIBUT median was 8.8s (mean 10.0±5.0s). There was a significant difference between both techniques (sign rank test according to Wilcoxon). The measuring range was considerably larger with the corneal topographer (9.4±0.5mm; Tearscope (Keeler): 4.2±0.3mm) and enables the determination of peripheral break-up areas.
Conclusions: The developed non-invasive technique allows the assessment of the tear meniscus height and the tear film break-up time and represents an advanced alternative for the qualitative and quantitative tear film analysis.
Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Hebestedt, Katja
Nr. 100365, American Academy of Optometry 2010.
@conference{Sickenberger2010b,
title = {Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity of adapted ok patients vs. lasik patients with regard to legal requirements of driver license},
author = {Wolfgang Sickenberger and Katja Hebestedt},
url = {http://www.aaopt.org/visual-acuity-and-contrast-sensitivity-adapted-ok-patients-vs-lasik-patients-regard-legal},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-11-17},
urldate = {2010-11-17},
number = {100365},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: Aim of the study was the evaluation of adapted orthokeratology patients (OK) vs. LASIK patients. Driver’s license and visual acuity in OK and LASIK patients are discussed controversially in Europe. The examination of the visual acuity, contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions and glare contrast sensitivity are main topics of this study.
Methods: This multicenter study includes 125 subjects. 65 subjects were habitual wearers of OK contact lenses, 60 subjects were treated by standard and wavefront-guided LASIK. Follow-up time was 22.8±11.9 months. The measurement of the visual acuity was based on DIN and ISO Standards (8596) Mesotest II was used for testing contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions and glare contrast sensitivity. Detecting the personal evaluation of vision and satisfaction, subjects were instructed to complete a standardized questionnaire (NEI-RQL-42).
Results: Relating to the legal regulations in Germany a sufficient visual acuity was found in 76.7% of the LASIK, in 73.9% of the OK subjects. 71.7% of the LASIK subjects, 95.7% of
Ortho-K subjects are able to drive a vehicle, if the DOG recommendations were used regarding to contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions and glare contrast sensitivity. The evaluation of the subjective questionnaire showed high ratings in the Ortho-K (mean 85 of 100 points) and the LASIK (mean 86 of 100 points) group with no statistically significant differences.
Conclusions: Considering the legal regulations the volume of the subjects of Ortho-K and LASIK showed no significant difference of driving suitable persons compared with the reference. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: Aim of the study was the evaluation of adapted orthokeratology patients (OK) vs. LASIK patients. Driver’s license and visual acuity in OK and LASIK patients are discussed controversially in Europe. The examination of the visual acuity, contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions and glare contrast sensitivity are main topics of this study.
Methods: This multicenter study includes 125 subjects. 65 subjects were habitual wearers of OK contact lenses, 60 subjects were treated by standard and wavefront-guided LASIK. Follow-up time was 22.8±11.9 months. The measurement of the visual acuity was based on DIN and ISO Standards (8596) Mesotest II was used for testing contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions and glare contrast sensitivity. Detecting the personal evaluation of vision and satisfaction, subjects were instructed to complete a standardized questionnaire (NEI-RQL-42).
Results: Relating to the legal regulations in Germany a sufficient visual acuity was found in 76.7% of the LASIK, in 73.9% of the OK subjects. 71.7% of the LASIK subjects, 95.7% of
Ortho-K subjects are able to drive a vehicle, if the DOG recommendations were used regarding to contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions and glare contrast sensitivity. The evaluation of the subjective questionnaire showed high ratings in the Ortho-K (mean 85 of 100 points) and the LASIK (mean 86 of 100 points) group with no statistically significant differences.
Conclusions: Considering the legal regulations the volume of the subjects of Ortho-K and LASIK showed no significant difference of driving suitable persons compared with the reference.
Hübner, Teresa
Randprofile hydrogeler Kontaktlinsen und deren Auswirkung auf die Anpassung und Trageeigenschaften Artikel
In: Die Kontaktlinse, 2010.
@article{Hübner2010,
title = {Randprofile hydrogeler Kontaktlinsen und deren Auswirkung auf die Anpassung und Trageeigenschaften},
author = {Teresa Hübner },
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/DieKontaktlinse0510_huebner.5474953.pdf},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-05-01},
urldate = {2010-05-01},
journal = {Die Kontaktlinse},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2009
Oehler, Saskia; Jungnickel, Hendrik; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Visual acuity, mesopic vision and sidability glare of german passenger car drivers Konferenz
Nr. 95692, American Academy of Optometry 2009.
@conference{Oehler2009,
title = {Visual acuity, mesopic vision and sidability glare of german passenger car drivers},
author = {Saskia Oehler and Hendrik Jungnickel and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {http://www.aaopt.org/study-about-visual-acuity-mesopic-vision-and-disability-glare-german-passenger-car-drivers},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-11-12},
urldate = {2009-11-12},
number = {95692},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: This study analyses the visual performance of German passenger car drivers and their self- evaluation. The focus lies on visual acuity, mesopic vision and disability glare. It has to be checked whether the driver’s vision test in Germany should be repeated.
Methods: In a prospective cross-sectional study the visual acuity of 132 subjects was tested with a Binotest. Mesopic vision and disability glare was checked by two different tests (Mesotest, OCULUS) with different ambient light.
89 subjects were measured with a "Sehtest-Mobil" (SWAV) in the motorway service area Hockenheim West, another 43 subjects at the University of Applied Sciences Jena. The subjective evaluation of every person was determined by a questionary that consisted of questions from NEI-RQL-42 and self-established questions belonging to driver’s vision.
Results: According to current law 23.5% of the subjects have failed the vision test for drivers. 16.7% failed the test of visual acuity, 0.8% failed the mesopic vision test and 9.8% weren’t able to pass the test of their disability glare. Separated into both groups, in the motorway service area 16.4% failed the test of visual acuity, 1.1% the test of mesopic vision and 12.4% the test of disability glare.
In Jena 28% failed the test of visual acuity and 4.6% the test of disability glare. Everybody passed the mesopic vision test in Jena.
Finally, the subjective evaluation was often not correlated with the objective measurements
Conclusions: Due to the missing correlation between subjective evaluation and objective measurements it is necessary to repeat the driver vision test after a certain amount of years free from age.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: This study analyses the visual performance of German passenger car drivers and their self- evaluation. The focus lies on visual acuity, mesopic vision and disability glare. It has to be checked whether the driver’s vision test in Germany should be repeated.
Methods: In a prospective cross-sectional study the visual acuity of 132 subjects was tested with a Binotest. Mesopic vision and disability glare was checked by two different tests (Mesotest, OCULUS) with different ambient light.
89 subjects were measured with a "Sehtest-Mobil" (SWAV) in the motorway service area Hockenheim West, another 43 subjects at the University of Applied Sciences Jena. The subjective evaluation of every person was determined by a questionary that consisted of questions from NEI-RQL-42 and self-established questions belonging to driver’s vision.
Results: According to current law 23.5% of the subjects have failed the vision test for drivers. 16.7% failed the test of visual acuity, 0.8% failed the mesopic vision test and 9.8% weren’t able to pass the test of their disability glare. Separated into both groups, in the motorway service area 16.4% failed the test of visual acuity, 1.1% the test of mesopic vision and 12.4% the test of disability glare.
In Jena 28% failed the test of visual acuity and 4.6% the test of disability glare. Everybody passed the mesopic vision test in Jena.
Finally, the subjective evaluation was often not correlated with the objective measurements
Conclusions: Due to the missing correlation between subjective evaluation and objective measurements it is necessary to repeat the driver vision test after a certain amount of years free from age.
Muentz, Alex; Widmer, Frank; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Solution induced staining with a new silicone hydrogel cl Konferenz
Nr. 95734, American Academy of Optometry 2009.
@conference{Muentz2009,
title = {Solution induced staining with a new silicone hydrogel cl},
author = {Alex Muentz and Frank Widmer and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {http://www.aaopt.org/solution-induced-staining-new-silicone-hydrogel-cl},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-11-11},
urldate = {2009-11-11},
number = {95734},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: To asses the different levels of corneal and bulbar staining after 2 hrs and after 5 days of lens wear with a new SiHy CL and three solutions.
Methods: The study was designed as a randomized, unmasked, contralateral, clinical study. 32 px could be included and observed over 5 days. Corneal staining level was checked on the first day at baseline and after 2 hrs wearing; again on the 5th day with no lenses and after 2 hrs wearing. In between (2nd to 4th day), lenses were worn for at least 6 hrs a day. Prior to first wear, new SiHy lenses (Definitive™) were soaked for at least 12 hrs in three different solutions: Optifree® Replenish® (Polidronium chlorid), Concare© Sept (3% hydrogen peroxide) and Concare© OnlyOne (Polyhexanidum). Staining was examined using sodium fluorescein; staining severity was classified from 0 to 4, over the entire corneal surface.
Results: The combination of Optifree® Replenish® or Concare© Sept with the Definitive™ SiHy did not exhibit significant changes in staining, when the cornea was compared before and after 2 hrs of wear. Concare© OnlyOne caused severe staining after 2 hrs of wear on the first day (p=0.01, mean grade 3.5) and on the fifth day (p=0.02, mean grade 3.57). When compared to the baseline status, patients using Concare© OnlyOne manifested significant changes in staining even on the fifth day, with no lenses. This means that staining was present even after more than 12 hrs of wear interruption. Concare© Sept and Optifree® Replenish® provide very similar (low) results when compared to usage with common SiHy: the corneal staining is minimal, if present at all. Additional solutions (i.e. Synergi) are currently being evaluated.
Conclusions: The multipurpose solution Concare© OnlyOne is not indicated for use with Definitive™ SiHy. Concare© Sept as well as Optifree® Replenish® can be safely used with Definitive™. These results indicate that as new CL-materials appear, various solutions can lead to great differences in results of ocular response. Thus, all possible new CL/new solution combinations should be tested before being launched on the market.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: To asses the different levels of corneal and bulbar staining after 2 hrs and after 5 days of lens wear with a new SiHy CL and three solutions.
Methods: The study was designed as a randomized, unmasked, contralateral, clinical study. 32 px could be included and observed over 5 days. Corneal staining level was checked on the first day at baseline and after 2 hrs wearing; again on the 5th day with no lenses and after 2 hrs wearing. In between (2nd to 4th day), lenses were worn for at least 6 hrs a day. Prior to first wear, new SiHy lenses (Definitive™) were soaked for at least 12 hrs in three different solutions: Optifree® Replenish® (Polidronium chlorid), Concare© Sept (3% hydrogen peroxide) and Concare© OnlyOne (Polyhexanidum). Staining was examined using sodium fluorescein; staining severity was classified from 0 to 4, over the entire corneal surface.
Results: The combination of Optifree® Replenish® or Concare© Sept with the Definitive™ SiHy did not exhibit significant changes in staining, when the cornea was compared before and after 2 hrs of wear. Concare© OnlyOne caused severe staining after 2 hrs of wear on the first day (p=0.01, mean grade 3.5) and on the fifth day (p=0.02, mean grade 3.57). When compared to the baseline status, patients using Concare© OnlyOne manifested significant changes in staining even on the fifth day, with no lenses. This means that staining was present even after more than 12 hrs of wear interruption. Concare© Sept and Optifree® Replenish® provide very similar (low) results when compared to usage with common SiHy: the corneal staining is minimal, if present at all. Additional solutions (i.e. Synergi) are currently being evaluated.
Conclusions: The multipurpose solution Concare© OnlyOne is not indicated for use with Definitive™ SiHy. Concare© Sept as well as Optifree® Replenish® can be safely used with Definitive™. These results indicate that as new CL-materials appear, various solutions can lead to great differences in results of ocular response. Thus, all possible new CL/new solution combinations should be tested before being launched on the market.
Marx, Sebastian; Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Michel, Martina; Fahmy, Mary; Giles, Tim
Contact Lens-Wearing Experience with Daily Disposable Lenses in Neophytes Konferenz
Nr. 95882, American Academy of Optometry 2009.
@conference{Marx2009,
title = {Contact Lens-Wearing Experience with Daily Disposable Lenses in Neophytes},
author = {Sebastian Marx and Wolfgang Sickenberger and Martina Michel and Mary Fahmy and Tim Giles
},
url = {http://www.aaopt.org/contact-lens-wearing-experience-daily-disposable-lenses-neophytes
https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AAO-2009-Clinical-Evaluationof-two-daily-disposable-contact-lenses-SM-MM-MS-TG-WS.pdf},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-11-11},
urldate = {2009-11-11},
number = {95882},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: Most contact-lens related trials are conducted on experienced patients, yet the neophyte presents unique challenges and opportunities. Neophytes must become adapted to the sensation of a lens in the eye, learn to insert and remove lenses, and be willing and able to follow practitioner recommendations for lens wear, replacement and aftercare. An exploratory clinical trial 4 weeks in duration was conducted to evaluate various aspects of lens wear and fitting in neophytes with two daily disposable contact lenses.
Methods: 51 subjects were randomized to either wear DAILIES® AquaComfort Plus™ or 1-Day Acuvue® TruEye™ bilaterally. They were seen at weeks 1, 2, and 4 from dispensing and completed a subjective questionnaire regarding their experiences. A post-study questionnaire was administered once the subjects had completed the trial.
Results: Average training time for insertion and removal was approximately 20 minutes. Within the first week, subjects achieved an average of 11 to 12 hours of wear per day, and 8 to10 hours of comfortable wear. All subjects achieved acceptable fit with the study lenses. While most differences were not statistically significant due to the small sample size, subjective ratings of overall comfort, vision, handling, and satisfaction as well as comfortable wearing time favored the DAILIES lens initially and were at parity by the 4 week visit. At the end of the trial, 59-73% of subjects were "very satisfied" with the lenses, and 73-89% indicated they "definitely" or "probably" would purchase the lenses.
Conclusions: Often, practitioners are reluctant to offer contact lenses to non-lens-wearers. The results of this clinical trial indicate that neophytes fit with one of two daily disposable lenses achieved successful fits, with minimal training time required. Confidence in a high success rate may encourage practitioners to offer daily disposable lenses to spectacle wearers, rather than relying on the patient to make the first inquiry.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: Most contact-lens related trials are conducted on experienced patients, yet the neophyte presents unique challenges and opportunities. Neophytes must become adapted to the sensation of a lens in the eye, learn to insert and remove lenses, and be willing and able to follow practitioner recommendations for lens wear, replacement and aftercare. An exploratory clinical trial 4 weeks in duration was conducted to evaluate various aspects of lens wear and fitting in neophytes with two daily disposable contact lenses.
Methods: 51 subjects were randomized to either wear DAILIES® AquaComfort Plus™ or 1-Day Acuvue® TruEye™ bilaterally. They were seen at weeks 1, 2, and 4 from dispensing and completed a subjective questionnaire regarding their experiences. A post-study questionnaire was administered once the subjects had completed the trial.
Results: Average training time for insertion and removal was approximately 20 minutes. Within the first week, subjects achieved an average of 11 to 12 hours of wear per day, and 8 to10 hours of comfortable wear. All subjects achieved acceptable fit with the study lenses. While most differences were not statistically significant due to the small sample size, subjective ratings of overall comfort, vision, handling, and satisfaction as well as comfortable wearing time favored the DAILIES lens initially and were at parity by the 4 week visit. At the end of the trial, 59-73% of subjects were "very satisfied" with the lenses, and 73-89% indicated they "definitely" or "probably" would purchase the lenses.
Conclusions: Often, practitioners are reluctant to offer contact lenses to non-lens-wearers. The results of this clinical trial indicate that neophytes fit with one of two daily disposable lenses achieved successful fits, with minimal training time required. Confidence in a high success rate may encourage practitioners to offer daily disposable lenses to spectacle wearers, rather than relying on the patient to make the first inquiry.
2007
Marx, Sebastian; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Individual Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses Konferenz
Nr. 075157, American Academy of Optometry 2007.
@conference{Marx2007,
title = {Individual Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses},
author = {Sebastian Marx and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AAO-07-Individual-Silicone-Hydrogel-Contact-Lenses-WSSM.pdf
http://www.aaopt.org/individual-silicone-hydrogel-contact-lenses},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-10-25},
urldate = {2007-10-25},
number = {075157},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: Primary objective of the study was to evaluate CL fitting characteristics, slit lamp findings, wearing comfort, comfortable wearing time and wettability with individual silicone hydrogel contact lenses out of sifilcon A. Furthermore the results should be compared to baseline data.
Methods: 36 existing contact lens wearers from the subject population at the investigational site of JENVIS Research at the University of Applied Sciences in Jena, Germany were enrolled in this trial. 28 women and 8 males ranged in age from 18 to 56 years with a mean of 29 ± 5 years. Each subject was fitted with sifilcon A lenses bilaterally for a three month daily wear period. The subjects met following inclusion criteria: spherical ametropia over ±4.0D (cyl max 1/5 sph) and/or flat K>8.2mm steep K<7.4, HVID >12.5mm or <11.3mm. The lens design was individually chosen out of 3 different diameters and 11 base curves. Fit, VA, comfort, slit lamp findings, wearing time and wettability were assessed at baseline with the habitual lenses. The same parameters were assessed at dispensing visit respective at follow up visits after one week, one month and three months.
Results: The comfort over day as well as the end of day comfort improved significantly p<0.001. Limbal redness was reducing constantly and significantly (p<0.001) over the test period. The comfortable wearing time was at every follow up visit about two hours increased compared to baseline visit with the habitual lenses. The sifilcon A lenses provided a good wettability when the subjects were in compliance with the cleaning procedure. If not and slight deposits were detected the wettability was reduced (hazy surface).
Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that wearers of conventional soft contact lenses (none SiHy) also benefit from silicone hydrogel material. Furthermore it is shown that the sifilcon A material can be worn over three months without problems when the compliance is kept.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: Primary objective of the study was to evaluate CL fitting characteristics, slit lamp findings, wearing comfort, comfortable wearing time and wettability with individual silicone hydrogel contact lenses out of sifilcon A. Furthermore the results should be compared to baseline data.
Methods: 36 existing contact lens wearers from the subject population at the investigational site of JENVIS Research at the University of Applied Sciences in Jena, Germany were enrolled in this trial. 28 women and 8 males ranged in age from 18 to 56 years with a mean of 29 ± 5 years. Each subject was fitted with sifilcon A lenses bilaterally for a three month daily wear period. The subjects met following inclusion criteria: spherical ametropia over ±4.0D (cyl max 1/5 sph) and/or flat K>8.2mm steep K<7.4, HVID >12.5mm or <11.3mm. The lens design was individually chosen out of 3 different diameters and 11 base curves. Fit, VA, comfort, slit lamp findings, wearing time and wettability were assessed at baseline with the habitual lenses. The same parameters were assessed at dispensing visit respective at follow up visits after one week, one month and three months.
Results: The comfort over day as well as the end of day comfort improved significantly p<0.001. Limbal redness was reducing constantly and significantly (p<0.001) over the test period. The comfortable wearing time was at every follow up visit about two hours increased compared to baseline visit with the habitual lenses. The sifilcon A lenses provided a good wettability when the subjects were in compliance with the cleaning procedure. If not and slight deposits were detected the wettability was reduced (hazy surface).
Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that wearers of conventional soft contact lenses (none SiHy) also benefit from silicone hydrogel material. Furthermore it is shown that the sifilcon A material can be worn over three months without problems when the compliance is kept.
Schubert, Annegret; Brandl, Hans; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Nr. 075051, American Academy of Optometry 2007.
@conference{Schubert2007,
title = {Relevance for Screening Color Vision Deficiency Using Signal Lanterns While Taking Air Safety Criteria into Account},
author = {Annegret Schubert and Hans Brandl and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AAO-Tampa-AS.pdf
http://www.aaopt.org/relevance-screening-color-vision-deficiency-using-signal-lanterns-while-taking-air-safety-criteria},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-10-24},
urldate = {2007-10-24},
number = {075051},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: Analysis of the relevance to aviation of the color vision test method using signal lanterns
Methods: The chromaticity coordinates x and y of color-coded displays in cockpits of four different types of civilian and military aircrafts (TIGER, Eurofighter, NH 90 and Cessna Citation Sovereign) were determined at color-coded displays. Spectrophotometer was used to measure the chromaticity coordinates x and y on flight-relevant information displays such as the Primary Flight Display and the Multifunction Display.The chromaticity coordinates of the signal lanterns (Holmes&Wright, Spectrolux&Beyne) and cockpit displays were compared with each other. Also the absolute and relative saturation of the chromaticity coordinates were determined for the purpose of demonstrating the results
Results: The range of colors in modern glass cockpits is of much greater variety than that presented by signal lanterns.The chromaticity coordinates determined in glass cockpits are located in a significantly more unsaturated range (Eurofighter saturation range 0.22 for Red and 0.20 for Green) than that of signal lanterns (e.g. saturation range of the Beyne’s lantern:0.37 for Red and 0.40 for Green).The color coordinates of the lanterns are close to the spectral color curve. Signal lanterns (Beyne’s) test for individual color points that are distant from each other (Red:x=0.7;y=0.3;Green:x=0.19;y=0.71 and White:x=0.49;y=0.44)
Conclusions: An individual with defective color vision can discriminate between these colors indeed, since the person is capable of discriminating between colors by sensing differences in luminance.When comparing the chromaticity coordinates of the measured displays it can be assumed that such a person may have difficulties to optimally discriminate between those colors on a display, although the person had passed the signal lantern test.This leads to the question whether flight safety still exists in this context. Signal lantern tests don`t provide information about the acuity of an individual’s color sense},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: Analysis of the relevance to aviation of the color vision test method using signal lanterns
Methods: The chromaticity coordinates x and y of color-coded displays in cockpits of four different types of civilian and military aircrafts (TIGER, Eurofighter, NH 90 and Cessna Citation Sovereign) were determined at color-coded displays. Spectrophotometer was used to measure the chromaticity coordinates x and y on flight-relevant information displays such as the Primary Flight Display and the Multifunction Display.The chromaticity coordinates of the signal lanterns (Holmes&Wright, Spectrolux&Beyne) and cockpit displays were compared with each other. Also the absolute and relative saturation of the chromaticity coordinates were determined for the purpose of demonstrating the results
Results: The range of colors in modern glass cockpits is of much greater variety than that presented by signal lanterns.The chromaticity coordinates determined in glass cockpits are located in a significantly more unsaturated range (Eurofighter saturation range 0.22 for Red and 0.20 for Green) than that of signal lanterns (e.g. saturation range of the Beyne’s lantern:0.37 for Red and 0.40 for Green).The color coordinates of the lanterns are close to the spectral color curve. Signal lanterns (Beyne’s) test for individual color points that are distant from each other (Red:x=0.7;y=0.3;Green:x=0.19;y=0.71 and White:x=0.49;y=0.44)
Conclusions: An individual with defective color vision can discriminate between these colors indeed, since the person is capable of discriminating between colors by sensing differences in luminance.When comparing the chromaticity coordinates of the measured displays it can be assumed that such a person may have difficulties to optimally discriminate between those colors on a display, although the person had passed the signal lantern test.This leads to the question whether flight safety still exists in this context. Signal lantern tests don`t provide information about the acuity of an individual’s color sense
Pfeiffer, Katarina; Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Nick, Joachim
Comparative performance study of soft contact lenses and spectacles for suitability in alpine skiing Konferenz
Nr. 075134, American Academy of Optometry 2007.
@conference{Pfeiffer2007,
title = {Comparative performance study of soft contact lenses and spectacles for suitability in alpine skiing},
author = {Katarina Pfeiffer and Wolfgang Sickenberger and Joachim Nick},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AAO-2007-Comparative-Performance-trial-of-soft-contact-lenses-and-spectacles-in-suitability-for-alpine-skiing.pdf
http://www.aaopt.org/comparative-performance-study-soft-contact-lenses-and-spectacles-suitability-alpine-skiing},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-10-24},
urldate = {2007-10-24},
number = {075134},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: Primary aim of this study is to compare soft contact lenses and spectacles in use at alpine skiing. Objective measures especially visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, as well as the subjective ratings were observed. All patients were asked to use both vision devices while active skiing in a parallel cross over study design.
Methods: Thirty- six patients with an average age of 41.6 ± 8.8 years were could be included in this study. Two stations (basis 1800 meter and peak 3500 meter) were used for measurements and interviews three times a day (morning, noon and evening). The first group were asked to test contact lenses in alpine skiing whereas the second group tested spectacles. Next day both vision devices where switched between the groups and all objective and subjective measurement were observed again.
Results: Contrast sensitivity was significantly lower for contact lenses compared to spectacles (p= 0.00014) and there was a statistically significant difference in visual acuity (p= 2.898 E-06). Visual acuity fluctuated for spectacles (Vmorning= 1.0; Vnoon= 1.25p; Vafternoon= 1.0pp) and was constant for contact lenses the whole day (V= 1.0pp). Ratings in vision showed the following results for contact lenses: vision (p = 0.0039), safety in diffuse light (p= 0.0499) and safety in bright light (p= 0.0018), field of vision (p= 1.947E-05). Conveniences and flexibility with sun glasses and filter glasses (p= 1.296E-06). There was no statistically significant difference in wearing comfort (p= 0.649) and tearing eyes (p= 0.65). The skiers were asked to avaluate pros and cons for contact lenses (63 pros and 34 cons) in comparison to spectacles (31 pros and 47 cons).
Conclusion: Both vision devices are good possibilities for skisport. Contact lenses showed better results in subjective ratings in comparison to spectacles for visual acuity and contrast sensibility. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: Primary aim of this study is to compare soft contact lenses and spectacles in use at alpine skiing. Objective measures especially visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, as well as the subjective ratings were observed. All patients were asked to use both vision devices while active skiing in a parallel cross over study design.
Methods: Thirty- six patients with an average age of 41.6 ± 8.8 years were could be included in this study. Two stations (basis 1800 meter and peak 3500 meter) were used for measurements and interviews three times a day (morning, noon and evening). The first group were asked to test contact lenses in alpine skiing whereas the second group tested spectacles. Next day both vision devices where switched between the groups and all objective and subjective measurement were observed again.
Results: Contrast sensitivity was significantly lower for contact lenses compared to spectacles (p= 0.00014) and there was a statistically significant difference in visual acuity (p= 2.898 E-06). Visual acuity fluctuated for spectacles (Vmorning= 1.0; Vnoon= 1.25p; Vafternoon= 1.0pp) and was constant for contact lenses the whole day (V= 1.0pp). Ratings in vision showed the following results for contact lenses: vision (p = 0.0039), safety in diffuse light (p= 0.0499) and safety in bright light (p= 0.0018), field of vision (p= 1.947E-05). Conveniences and flexibility with sun glasses and filter glasses (p= 1.296E-06). There was no statistically significant difference in wearing comfort (p= 0.649) and tearing eyes (p= 0.65). The skiers were asked to avaluate pros and cons for contact lenses (63 pros and 34 cons) in comparison to spectacles (31 pros and 47 cons).
Conclusion: Both vision devices are good possibilities for skisport. Contact lenses showed better results in subjective ratings in comparison to spectacles for visual acuity and contrast sensibility.
2006
Schieritz, Peggy; Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Marx, Sebastian
Performance Study of Two Different Daily Disposable Contact Lenses Konferenz
Nr. 065269, American Academy of Optometry 2006.
@conference{Schieritz2006,
title = {Performance Study of Two Different Daily Disposable Contact Lenses},
author = {Peggy Schieritz and Wolfgang Sickenberger and Sebastian Marx
},
url = {http://www.aaopt.org/performance-study-two-different-daily-disposable-contact-lenses
https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/ASCC-AAO-Denver-ps-sm-v5.pdf},
year = {2006},
date = {2006-01-01},
urldate = {2006-01-01},
number = {065269},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: Primary objective of the study was to evaluate vision performance, CL fitting characteristics, wearing comfort and wettability of two different daily disposable contact lenses regarding the ski sport in high altitude.
Methods: Thirty subjects with an average age of 39.3 ± 9.3 years were enrolled in a prospective, double-blind contralateral study. All subjects were free of pathologic findings at baseline. The subjects were allocated in a group of neophytes and a group of existing contact lens wearers. Each subject was fitted with Nelfilcon lenses (Focus® DAILIES® and Focus® DAILIES® with AquaComfortTM) contralaterally. Visual acuity and wettability were assessed in the morning before and in the afternoon after skiing in the base camp on 1700m altitude. Wearing comfort was graded by subjects on visual analog scales from 0 (unacceptable) up to 100 (excellent). Valuations were given in the morning and in the afternoon in the base camp and at noon on the peak station in 3500m altitude. In addition the wettability of both contact lenses was evaluated twice a day by the use of a slit lamp at the downhill course.
Results: The wettability decreased over the day significantly with Nelfilcon p=0,026 and Nelfilcon with AquaComfortTM p=0,014 (Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test). Comfort with Nelficon with AquaComfortTM was graded 87 in the morning before, 90 at noon during and 83 in the afternoon after skiing. With Nelfilcon the comfort was graded 83 in the morning before, 88 at noon during and 84 in the afternoon after skiing. Statistical analysis was conducted using the t-test. Nor the lenses neither the groups were significantly different concerning the graded comfort. Visual acuity hasn’t changed over the day significantly with Nelfilcon or Nelfilcon with AquaComfortTM.
Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that daily disposable lenses provide excellent visual acuity during the whole day even in altitudes of 3500m.Although the wettability of the tested lenses decreased over the day during skiing, the comfort didn‘t changed significantly.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: Primary objective of the study was to evaluate vision performance, CL fitting characteristics, wearing comfort and wettability of two different daily disposable contact lenses regarding the ski sport in high altitude.
Methods: Thirty subjects with an average age of 39.3 ± 9.3 years were enrolled in a prospective, double-blind contralateral study. All subjects were free of pathologic findings at baseline. The subjects were allocated in a group of neophytes and a group of existing contact lens wearers. Each subject was fitted with Nelfilcon lenses (Focus® DAILIES® and Focus® DAILIES® with AquaComfortTM) contralaterally. Visual acuity and wettability were assessed in the morning before and in the afternoon after skiing in the base camp on 1700m altitude. Wearing comfort was graded by subjects on visual analog scales from 0 (unacceptable) up to 100 (excellent). Valuations were given in the morning and in the afternoon in the base camp and at noon on the peak station in 3500m altitude. In addition the wettability of both contact lenses was evaluated twice a day by the use of a slit lamp at the downhill course.
Results: The wettability decreased over the day significantly with Nelfilcon p=0,026 and Nelfilcon with AquaComfortTM p=0,014 (Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test). Comfort with Nelficon with AquaComfortTM was graded 87 in the morning before, 90 at noon during and 83 in the afternoon after skiing. With Nelfilcon the comfort was graded 83 in the morning before, 88 at noon during and 84 in the afternoon after skiing. Statistical analysis was conducted using the t-test. Nor the lenses neither the groups were significantly different concerning the graded comfort. Visual acuity hasn’t changed over the day significantly with Nelfilcon or Nelfilcon with AquaComfortTM.
Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that daily disposable lenses provide excellent visual acuity during the whole day even in altitudes of 3500m.Although the wettability of the tested lenses decreased over the day during skiing, the comfort didn‘t changed significantly.
2005
Georgi, Corina; Sickenberger, Wolfgang
Contact lenses survey of children and teenagers - a multi center study with more than 2.500 cases Konferenz
Nr. 055122, American Academy of Optometry San Diego, 2005.
@conference{Georgi2005,
title = {Contact lenses survey of children and teenagers - a multi center study with more than 2.500 cases},
author = {Corina Georgi and Wolfgang Sickenberger},
url = {http://www.aaopt.org/contact-lenses-survey-children-and-teenagers-multi-center-study-more-2500-cases},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-12-08},
urldate = {2005-12-08},
number = {055122},
address = {San Diego},
organization = {American Academy of Optometry},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: Analysis of the contact lens (CL) supply of children and teenagers in Germany, with the aim of examining fitting criteria and motivation compliance. To compare the experiences of CL investigators, CL wearers and their parents.
Methods: Using a questionnaire, 2,500 fitting cases from 45 institutions were evaluated for indication, CL type, wearing mode, handling and hygiene. With a second survey, subjective aspects of CL specialists were determined.
Results: The age of the children plays an important role for the CL selection and the usage of CL as well as the motivation of the wearers. 20% of the fittings occurred at the age of 0–3, and 9% at the age of 4–6. The rest of the fittings (71%) were made after entering school, 54% of it after the age of 12. Up to the age of 3 the primary motivation for contact lens wear was aphakia. After that, myopia is the main indication. By the average age of 12.6 years, contact lenses were also used for cosmetic reasons (20%). The choice of material of the CL supply of children differs significantly from the total market. One of the main reasons for the choice of material is the application of rigid contact lenses (56%) as well as the fitting of soft lenses (>43%) after the age of 4. The most contact lens fitters favour conventional contact lenses used in daily wear. Multipurpose solutions are mostly used for contact lens hygiene (53%). After the age of 7 children widely are able to handle and clean the lenses themselves. The main problem for wearers is the loss of their contact lenses (33%). The primary complication is the lack of compliance, especially for children under 12 years (24%).
Conclusions: Contact lens specialists are able to fit contact lenses irrespective of the age of the children. Realisation and success depend on the indication- by the age of the children and the compliance of contact lens wearers as well as their parents.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: Analysis of the contact lens (CL) supply of children and teenagers in Germany, with the aim of examining fitting criteria and motivation compliance. To compare the experiences of CL investigators, CL wearers and their parents.
Methods: Using a questionnaire, 2,500 fitting cases from 45 institutions were evaluated for indication, CL type, wearing mode, handling and hygiene. With a second survey, subjective aspects of CL specialists were determined.
Results: The age of the children plays an important role for the CL selection and the usage of CL as well as the motivation of the wearers. 20% of the fittings occurred at the age of 0–3, and 9% at the age of 4–6. The rest of the fittings (71%) were made after entering school, 54% of it after the age of 12. Up to the age of 3 the primary motivation for contact lens wear was aphakia. After that, myopia is the main indication. By the average age of 12.6 years, contact lenses were also used for cosmetic reasons (20%). The choice of material of the CL supply of children differs significantly from the total market. One of the main reasons for the choice of material is the application of rigid contact lenses (56%) as well as the fitting of soft lenses (>43%) after the age of 4. The most contact lens fitters favour conventional contact lenses used in daily wear. Multipurpose solutions are mostly used for contact lens hygiene (53%). After the age of 7 children widely are able to handle and clean the lenses themselves. The main problem for wearers is the loss of their contact lenses (33%). The primary complication is the lack of compliance, especially for children under 12 years (24%).
Conclusions: Contact lens specialists are able to fit contact lenses irrespective of the age of the children. Realisation and success depend on the indication- by the age of the children and the compliance of contact lens wearers as well as their parents.
Marx, Sebastian; Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Bauman, Erich; Zapsky, Petra
Performance Study of Two Different Toric Multifocal Soft Contact Lenses Konferenz
Jenvis Research Institute 2005.
@conference{Marx2005b,
title = {Performance Study of Two Different Toric Multifocal Soft Contact Lenses},
author = {Sebastian Marx and Wolfgang Sickenberger and Erich Bauman and Petra Zapsky},
url = {https://www.jenvis-research.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/AAO-2005-Two-Different-Toric-Multifocal-SCL-Marx-Sickenberger-Bauman-Zapsky.pdf
http://www.aaopt.org/performance-study-two-different-toric-multifocal-soft-contact-lenses},
year = {2005},
date = {2005-12-01},
urldate = {2005-12-01},
organization = {Jenvis Research Institute},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to measure the success rate achieved with a commercially available toric multifocal soft lens using a simplified empirical fitting procedure. In addition, the authors sought to evaluate the impact of near zone size, anterior chamber depth and pupil size on overall patient acceptance.
Methods: Thirty-seven subjects with an average age of 52.2 ± 6.0 years were enrolled in a single-blind, cross-over study. Each subject was randomly allocated into one of two parallel groups and fitted with CIBASOFT® Progressive Toric (CPT) soft lenses using a simplified nomogram. CPT lenses with a standard center-near zone diameter (SZ) were dispensed to subjects in group 1, while group 2 received CPT lenses with a larger near zone (LZ). Visual acuity and subjective acceptance at distance, intermediate and near was graded at the dispensing visit and again after three weeks. The lens type was then switched and the three week cycle repeated. Any subject unable to achieve satisfactory vision with either SZ or LZ bilaterally was dispensed a CPT-SZ in the dominant eye and a CPT-LZ in the contralateral eye for an additional three week period.
Results: First fit success rates of 55% and 74% were achieved with the SZ and LZ designs respectively. Over 90% of the subjects achieved 20/25 or better visual acuity at distance with both lens types at the initial fit, while 63% and 81% of subjects achieved 20/25 or better at near with the SZ and LZ designs respectively. In more than 85% of cases the lenses stabilized between 0° ± 10°. One patient discontinued because of non-compliance with the visit schedule.
Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that astigmatic presbyopes can achieve excellent visual acuity when fit empirically with the CIBASOFT Progressive Toric soft lens design. Furthermore, it appears that overall visual performance and wearer acceptance can be further improved with a larger center-near zone.
Additional comments: Thanks to Petra Zapsky M.S.(USA) and Erich Bauman OD from CIBA Vison.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to measure the success rate achieved with a commercially available toric multifocal soft lens using a simplified empirical fitting procedure. In addition, the authors sought to evaluate the impact of near zone size, anterior chamber depth and pupil size on overall patient acceptance.
Methods: Thirty-seven subjects with an average age of 52.2 ± 6.0 years were enrolled in a single-blind, cross-over study. Each subject was randomly allocated into one of two parallel groups and fitted with CIBASOFT® Progressive Toric (CPT) soft lenses using a simplified nomogram. CPT lenses with a standard center-near zone diameter (SZ) were dispensed to subjects in group 1, while group 2 received CPT lenses with a larger near zone (LZ). Visual acuity and subjective acceptance at distance, intermediate and near was graded at the dispensing visit and again after three weeks. The lens type was then switched and the three week cycle repeated. Any subject unable to achieve satisfactory vision with either SZ or LZ bilaterally was dispensed a CPT-SZ in the dominant eye and a CPT-LZ in the contralateral eye for an additional three week period.
Results: First fit success rates of 55% and 74% were achieved with the SZ and LZ designs respectively. Over 90% of the subjects achieved 20/25 or better visual acuity at distance with both lens types at the initial fit, while 63% and 81% of subjects achieved 20/25 or better at near with the SZ and LZ designs respectively. In more than 85% of cases the lenses stabilized between 0° ± 10°. One patient discontinued because of non-compliance with the visit schedule.
Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that astigmatic presbyopes can achieve excellent visual acuity when fit empirically with the CIBASOFT Progressive Toric soft lens design. Furthermore, it appears that overall visual performance and wearer acceptance can be further improved with a larger center-near zone.
Additional comments: Thanks to Petra Zapsky M.S.(USA) and Erich Bauman OD from CIBA Vison.
2004
Michel, Martina; Sickenberger, Wolfgang; Pult, Heiko
The effectiveness of questionnaires in the determination of Contact Lens Induced Dry Eye Artikel
In: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics , Bd. 29, Ausg. 5, S. 479-486, 2004.
@article{Michel2004,
title = {The effectiveness of questionnaires in the determination of Contact Lens Induced Dry Eye},
author = {Martina Michel and Wolfgang Sickenberger and Heiko Pult},
doi = {10.1111/j.1475-1313.2009.00658.x },
year = {2004},
date = {2004-08-04},
urldate = {2004-08-04},
journal = {Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics },
volume = {29},
issue = {5},
pages = {479-486},
abstract = {Abstract
Purpose: This study investigates how well the recently introduced Ocular Comfort Index (OCI) and the more established McMonnies Dry Eye Index are able to detect contact lens induced dry eye (CLIDE).
Methods: Seventy volunteer contact lens wearers (mean age = 28.7 ± 8.0; 52 female, 18 male) were grouped as CLIDE positive or CLIDE negative depending on three sets of criteria: Method I: objective (tear meniscus height, lid parallel conjunctival folds, phenol red thread test and tear break-up time); Method II: objective and/or subjective [contact lens dry eye questionnaire (CLDEQ)] (i.e. being positive by Method I and/or Method III); Method III: subjective (CLDEQ). Symptoms were measured using the McMonnies Dry Eye Index and the OCI. Discrimination was analysed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves; positive predictive values (PPV) and cut-off values were calculated.
Results: ROC results for Methods I and II were statistically significant only for the McMonnies (p = 0.008; p < 0.001; respectively). In Method III ROC results were statistically significant for both the McMonnies (p = 0.001) and OCI (p = 0.005). The McMonnies showed the best prediction of Method I [0.646/10.5 (PPV/cut-off value)], while the OCI gave the best predictability in Method III only (0.518/30.6).
Conclusion: A McMonnies scoring of ≥10.5 or an OCI scoring of ≥30.6 indicates CLIDE. The McMonnies performs better in prediction of CLIDE than the OCI.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Purpose: This study investigates how well the recently introduced Ocular Comfort Index (OCI) and the more established McMonnies Dry Eye Index are able to detect contact lens induced dry eye (CLIDE).
Methods: Seventy volunteer contact lens wearers (mean age = 28.7 ± 8.0; 52 female, 18 male) were grouped as CLIDE positive or CLIDE negative depending on three sets of criteria: Method I: objective (tear meniscus height, lid parallel conjunctival folds, phenol red thread test and tear break-up time); Method II: objective and/or subjective [contact lens dry eye questionnaire (CLDEQ)] (i.e. being positive by Method I and/or Method III); Method III: subjective (CLDEQ). Symptoms were measured using the McMonnies Dry Eye Index and the OCI. Discrimination was analysed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves; positive predictive values (PPV) and cut-off values were calculated.
Results: ROC results for Methods I and II were statistically significant only for the McMonnies (p = 0.008; p < 0.001; respectively). In Method III ROC results were statistically significant for both the McMonnies (p = 0.001) and OCI (p = 0.005). The McMonnies showed the best prediction of Method I [0.646/10.5 (PPV/cut-off value)], while the OCI gave the best predictability in Method III only (0.518/30.6).
Conclusion: A McMonnies scoring of ≥10.5 or an OCI scoring of ≥30.6 indicates CLIDE. The McMonnies performs better in prediction of CLIDE than the OCI.